The dynamics of lexical competition during spoken word recognition
The dynamics of lexical competition during spoken word recognition
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DOI：
10.1080/03640210709336987
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Aslin, Richard N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Magnuson, James S.;Dixon, James A.;Aslin, Richard N.
组成口语单词的声音是连续听到的，必须迅速映射到记忆中的单词上，因为它们的元素不像视觉单词，不能同时存在或持续存在。虽然理论都认为口语单词识别的动力学是重要的，但它们在如何对待竞争者集合的性质上是不同的--确切地说，当听觉单词形式在真实的时间中展开时，哪些单词被激活。这项研究使用眼动追踪来测量词频和2个部分重叠的竞争者集合定义：起始密度和邻域密度随时间的影响。时间进程的措施揭示了早期和持续的影响频率（促进）和发作为基础的相似性（抑制）。邻里密度似乎有早期的促进作用和后期的抑制作用。后期抑制效应是由于邻里之间相似性的时间分布差异。早期易化效应是由于在听到整个单词之前就告知听者单词长度的亚音素线索。结果支持一个新的概念词汇竞争的邻居，其中识别发生在激活的竞争对手，随着时间的推移，根据细粒度的拟合和竞争动态的变化的背景。
The sounds that make up spoken words are heard in a series and must be mapped rapidly onto words in memory because their elements, unlike those of visual words, cannot simultaneously exist or persist in time. Although theories agree that the dynamics of spoken word recognition are important, they differ in how they treat the nature of the competitor set-precisely which words are activated as an auditory word form unfolds in real time. This study used eye tracking to measure the impact over time of word frequency and 2 partially overlapping competitor set definitions: onset density and neighborhood density. Time course measures revealed early and continuous effects of frequency (facilitatory) and onset-based similarity (inhibitory). Neighborhood density appears to have early facilitatory effects and late inhibitory effects. The late inhibitory effects are due to differences in the temporal distribution of similarity within neighborhoods. The early facilitatory effects are due to subphonemic cues that inform the listener about word length before the entire word is heard. The results support a new conception of lexical competition neighborhoods in which recognition occurs against a background of activated competitors that changes over time based on fine-grained goodness-of-fit and competition dynamics.