Air quality co-benefits of carbon pricing in China
Air quality co-benefits of carbon pricing in China
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DOI：
10.1038/s41558-018-0139-4
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Karplus, Valerie J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Mingwei;Zhang, Da;Karplus, Valerie J.
针对与能源有关的二氧化碳排放的气候政策在全球范围内长期发挥作用，可在短期内减少空气污染和对人类健康的不利影响。针对中国这个最大的能源使用和二氧化碳排放国，我们开发了一种跨尺度建模方法来量化这些空气质量共同效益，并将其与气候政策的经济成本进行比较。我们模拟了一个说明性的气候政策的影响，对二氧化碳排放量的价格。在与中国最近承诺到2030年达到二氧化碳排放峰值相一致的政策情景中，我们预测，改善空气质量带来的国民健康共同效益将部分或全部抵消政策成本，具体取决于所选择的健康评估。随着政策的日益严格，净健康协同效益也随之增加。
Climate policies targeting energy-related CO2 emissions, which act on a global scale over long time horizons, can result in localized, near-term reductions in both air pollution and adverse human health impacts. Focusing on China, the largest energy-using and CO2-emitting nation, we develop a cross-scale modelling approach to quantify these air quality co-benefits, and compare them to the economic costs of climate policy. We simulate the effects of an illustrative climate policy, a price on CO2 emissions. In a policy scenario consistent with China's recent pledge to reach a peak in CO2 emissions by 2030, we project that national health co-benefits from improved air quality would partially or fully offset policy costs depending on chosen health valuation. Net health co-benefits are found to rise with increasing policy stringency.