The search for shape-centered representations.
The search for shape-centered representations.
复制标题
寻找以形状为中心的表示。
DOI：
10.1080/02643294.2022.2052718
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
SIlson EH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SIlson EH
如果你在街上问某人，他们觉得人类大脑最吸引人的地方是什么，他们很可能会告诉你一个奇怪的神经心理学案例，在这个案例中，病人表现出一种奇怪而有趣的特定缺陷。也许他们失去了识别面孔的能力，品尝颜色或不再能在熟悉的环境中导航。因此，神经心理学的案例研究对科学家和普通大众都具有内在的吸引力。与这一一般原则相一致，Vannuscorps等人报告的“Davida”病例。（Vannuscorps等人，Davida是一位右撇子的年轻女性，她在医学、神经心理学和神经学史上都不起眼，但她却表现出一种特殊的缺陷，即她感知到2D有界形状，由高对比度的尖锐边缘定义，无论是倒置的、镜像反转的还是平面旋转90度或180度的。值得注意的是，她判断2D刺激的形状、大小、位置、距离和倾斜度的能力与对照组没有什么不同，她对3D、强烈模糊或对比度非常低的形状的感知是完整的--这是一个奇怪的案例。当阅读案例研究时，人们可能会质疑测试的深度和广度，希望进行进一步的测试以排除所有可能的解释。当然，进行这些研究的时间很紧，但这种错失机会的感觉可能会持续下去。这不是当阅读Vannuscorps等人时的情况。在两年的时间里，Davida完成了六个实验阶段，包括五十多个单独的实验。在这些实验中，对实验装置进行了许多可能的调整和修改，
If you were to ask someone in the street what they find most fascinating about the human brain the chances are they will tell you about a strange neuropsychological case study in which the patient presents with an odd and intriguingly specific deficit. Perhaps they lost the ability to recognize faces, tasted in colors or could no longer navigate familiar environments. Neuropsychological case studies, it turns out, are thus intrinsically fascinating to both scientists and the general public alike. Consistent with this general tenet, the case of ‘Davida’reported by Vannuscorps et al.(Vannuscorps et al., 2021) is no exception.Davida, a right-handed young woman who is unremarkable in terms of her medical, neuropsychological, and neurological history nevertheless presents with a specific deficit in which she perceives 2D bounded shapes, defined by sharp edges of high contrast, as either inverted, mirror-reversed or plane-rotated by 90 or 180 degrees. Remarkably, her ability to judge the shape, size, location, distance, and tilt of 2D stimuli is no different from controls and her perception of 3D, strongly blurred or very low contrast shapes is intact—a curious case if ever there was one. When reading case-studies one can be left questioning the depth and breadth of the testing, wishing that further tests had been conducted to rule out all manner of possible explanations. Of course, time is tight when conducting these studies, but that sense of a missed opportunity can persist, nevertheless. That is not the case when reading Vannuscorps et al. Over the course of two years, Davida completed six experimental phases comprising over fifty individual experiments. Within these, many of the conceivable adaptations and modifications to the experimental set-up were tested including, but