Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00418-002-0434-y
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Cajaraville, MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ibabe, A;Grabenbauer, M;Cajaraville, MP
当用某些称为过氧化物酶体增殖剂的化合物处理时，从哺乳动物到海洋贻贝和鱼类的反应动物中过氧化物酶体的大小和数量都会增加。这种现象称为过氧化物酶体增殖，由称为过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARs）的核受体介导。已经描述了三种PPAR亚型（α、β和γ），并且在哺乳动物中，PPARalpha主要在分解代谢脂肪酸的组织中表达，PPARbeta广泛分布，而PPARgamma主要在脂肪组织和免疫系统中表达。本研究的目的是分析不同的组织分布的PPAR亚型斑马鱼使用商业上可获得的抗体对PPARalpha，PPARbeta，PPARgamma。在蛋白质印迹中，在约58 kDa处检测到PPARalpha和PPARbeta的特异性条带。对于PPARgamma，在56 kDa处检测到条带。在用作阳性对照的小鼠肝匀浆中获得了类似的结果，表明抗体的特异性。在多聚甲醛固定的组织中使用微波或微波加胰蛋白酶预处理进行抗原修复，进行免疫组化。在斑马鱼中，PPARalpha主要在肝实质细胞、肾近端小管、肠细胞和胰腺中表达。PPARbeta分布广泛，在肝脏、肾脏近端和远端小管和肾小球、胰腺、肠上皮细胞和肠平滑肌、皮肤上皮、淋巴细胞以及雄性和雌性性腺中表达。PPARgamma表达弱胰腺细胞，肠，和性腺的两个预处理。大多数检测到的信号是细胞质;只有在PPARalpha和PPARbeta的情况下，在肝脏中检测到一些核标记。在小鼠组织中，PPAR亚型的分布与先前描述的大鼠相似。我们的研究结果表明，所有三个不同的PPAR亚型存在于斑马鱼。斑马鱼中的PPAR亚型的组织和细胞分布部分类似于以前在哺乳动物中描述的。需要进一步的研究来破译斑马鱼和其他水生生物中的PPAR亚型的功能，特别是它们在调节外源性暴露的代谢反应中的作用。
Peroxisomes increase in size and number in responsive animals ranging from mammals to marine mussels and fish species when treated with certain compounds named peroxisome proliferators. This phenomenon, known as peroxisome proliferation, is mediated by nuclear receptors termed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Three PPAR subtypes have been described (alpha, beta, and gamma) and in mammals PPARalpha is mainly expressed in tissues that catabolize fatty acids, PPARbeta is ubiquitously distributed, and PPARgamma is mainly expressed in the adipose tissue and immune system. The aim of this study was to analyze the tissue distribution of different PPAR subtypes in zebrafish Danio rerio using commercially available antibodies against PPARalpha, PPARbeta, and PPARgamma. In western blots, specific bands were detected at about 58 kDa for PPARalpha and PPARbeta. For PPARgamma the band was detected at 56 kDa. Similar results were obtained in mouse liver homogenates used as positive control, indicating the specificity of the antibodies. Immunohistochemistry was performed in paraformaldehyde-fixed tissue using either microwave or microwave plus trypsin pretreatment for antigen retrieval. In zebrafish, PPARalpha was expressed mainly in liver parenchymal cells, proximal tubules of kidney, enterocytes, and pancreas. PPARbeta showed a widespread distribution and was expressed in the liver, proximal and distal tubules and glomeruli of the kidney, pancreas, enterocytes and smooth muscle of the intestine, skin epithelium, lymphocytes, and male and female gonads. PPARgamma expression was weak in pancreatic cells, intestine, and gonads for both pretreatments. Most of the signal detected was cytoplasmic; only in the cases of PPARalpha and PPARbeta was some nuclear labeling detected in the liver. In mouse tissues, the distribution of PPAR subtypes was similar to that described previously for rats. Our results demonstrate that all three distinct PPAR subtypes are present in zebrafish. The tissue and cellular distribution of PPAR subtypes in zebrafish resembled partly that described before in mammals. Further studies are needed to decipher the functions of PPAR subtypes in zebrafish and other aquatic organisms and particularly their role in regulation of metabolic responses to xenobiotic exposure.