Regulation of neuronal ion channels via P2Y receptors.
Regulation of neuronal ion channels via P2Y receptors.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11302-004-4746-3
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发表时间：
2004-12
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Boehm, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lechner, Stefan G;Boehm, Stefan
在过去的15年中，至少有8种不同的G蛋白偶联P2 Y受体已被表征。这些介导神经元以及非神经细胞中核苷酸的缓慢代谢效应，而不是由P2 X受体介导的快速离子效应。由各种G蛋白偶联受体调节的一类效应系统是电压门控和配体门控离子通道。本文就P2 Y受体对神经元离子通道的调节作用作一综述。受调控的蛋白质包括电压门控Ca 2+和K+通道，以及N-甲基-d-天冬氨酸、香草素和P2 X受体，并且调控实体包括大多数已知的P2 Y受体亚型。作用于突触前或突触后P2 Y受体的核苷酸对离子通道的调节的功能后果是突触传递强度的变化。因此，ATP和相关核苷酸不仅可以作为神经系统中的快速递质（通过P2 X受体），还可以作为神经调质（通过P2 Y受体）。因此，核苷酸和乙酰胆碱、谷氨酸或γ-氨基丁酸一样，都是通用的递质。
Within the last 15 years, at least 8 different G protein-coupled P2Y receptors have been characterized. These mediate slow metabotropic effects of nucleotides in neurons as well as non-neural cells, as opposed to the fast ionotropic effects which are mediated by P2X receptors. One class of effector systems regulated by various G protein-coupled receptors are voltage-gated and ligand-gated ion channels. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the modulation of such neuronal ion channels via P2Y receptors. The regulated proteins include voltage-gated Ca2+ and K+ channels, as well as N-methyl-d-aspartate, vanilloid, and P2X receptors, and the regulating entities include most of the known P2Y receptor subtypes. The functional consequences of the modulation of ion channels by nucleotides acting at pre- or postsynaptic P2Y receptors are changes in the strength of synaptic transmission. Accordingly, ATP and related nucleotides may act not only as fast transmitters (via P2X receptors) in the nervous system, but also as neuromodulators (via P2Y receptors). Hence, nucleotides are as universal transmitters as, for instance, acetylcholine, glutamate, or γ-aminobutyric acid.