Effects of Monaural Asymmetry and Target-Masker Similarity on Binaural Advantage in Children and Adults With Normal Hearing.
Effects of Monaural Asymmetry and Target-Masker Similarity on Binaural Advantage in Children and Adults With Normal Hearing.
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DOI：
10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00269
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发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ji-Sheng Liu;Ya-Feng Yu;Duo-Duo Tao-Duo;Yi Li;Fei Ye;J. Galvin;Quinton S. Gopen;Q. Fu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ji-Sheng Liu;Ya-Feng Yu;Duo-Duo Tao-Duo;Yi Li;Fei Ye;J. Galvin;Quinton S. Gopen;Q. Fu
目的对于定位的目标和掩蔽器，双耳收听通常比单耳收听提供一个小但显著的优势。这项研究调查了单耳不对称和目标掩蔽者相似性如何限制成人和儿童的双耳优势。方法选择听力正常的成人10名，年龄22~27岁，儿童12名，年龄7~14岁。单耳和双耳语音识别阈值(SRT)被自适应地测量用于同位竞争语音。目标掩蔽者的性别相同或不同。使用耳机测量三种听力状态下的表现：左耳、右耳和两耳。双耳优势是相对于较差或较好的耳朵进行计算的。结果成人的SRT显著低于儿童。当目标掩蔽者的性别相同时，较好的耳朵的SRT显著低于较差的耳朵或双耳(p<；0.05)。当目标掩蔽者的性别不同时，较好的耳朵或双耳的SRT显著低于较差的耳朵(p<；0.05)。儿童和成人同样受益于目标伪装者的性别差异。观察到明显的单耳不对称，但在成人和儿童中，不对称对双耳优势的影响是相似的。相对于较差的耳朵，单耳不对称与双耳优势显著相关(p=.004)，但与较好的耳朵无关(p=.056)。结论双耳听力较好的单耳听力优势甚微(甚至是劣势)，尤其是当参赛者具有相似的发声特征时。单耳不对称似乎限制了听力正常的听众的双耳优势，类似于听力受损的听众的观察结果。虽然语言发展可能会限制对竞争言语的感知，但它似乎不会限制单耳不对称或目标掩蔽者性别对双耳优势的影响。
Purpose For colocated targets and maskers, binaural listening typically offers a small but significant advantage over monaural listening. This study investigated how monaural asymmetry and target-masker similarity may limit binaural advantage in adults and children. Method Ten Mandarin-speaking Chinese adults (aged 22-27 years) and 12 children (aged 7-14 years) with normal hearing participated in the study. Monaural and binaural speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) were adaptively measured for colocated competing speech. The target-masker sex was the same or different. Performance was measured using headphones for three listening conditions: left ear, right ear, and both ears. Binaural advantage was calculated relative to the poorer or better ear. Results Mean SRTs were significantly lower for adults than children. When the target-masker sex was the same, SRTs were significantly lower with the better ear than with the poorer ear or both ears (p < .05). When the target-masker sex was different, SRTs were significantly lower with the better ear or both ears than with the poorer ear (p < .05). Children and adults similarly benefitted from target-masker sex differences. Substantial monaural asymmetry was observed, but the effects of asymmetry on binaural advantage were similar between adults and children. Monaural asymmetry was significantly correlated with binaural advantage relative to the poorer ear (p = .004), but not to the better ear (p = .056). Conclusions Binaural listening may offer little advantage (or even a disadvantage) over monaural listening with the better ear, especially when competing talkers have similar vocal characteristics. Monaural asymmetry appears to limit binaural advantage in listeners with normal hearing, similar to observations in listeners with hearing impairment. While language development may limit perception of competing speech, it does not appear to limit the effects of monaural asymmetry or target-masker sex on binaural advantage.