Transient compensatory smoking in response to placebo cigarettes
Transient compensatory smoking in response to placebo cigarettes
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-012-2685-1
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Drobes, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacQueen, David A.;Heckman, Bryan W.;Drobes, David J.
为了解决吸烟引起的公共健康问题，研究人员建议逐步减少香烟中的尼古丁含量。然而，人们仍然担心吸烟者是否有可能通过改变吸烟行为来补偿尼古丁含量的减少。这种补偿行为可能会抵消任何潜在的戒烟和/或减少伤害的好处。本研究的目的是量化对香烟的吸烟行为（例如，抽吸次数、体积、持续时间、抽吸间隔和峰值流量），仅尼古丁含量不同，重复给药。67名依赖吸烟者参加了这项为期两次的受试者内研究。以双盲和平衡的方式施用中等尼古丁含量和安慰剂香烟（QuestA（c）品牌）。每个疗程要求戒烟 12 小时，并包括四次随意吸烟，每次吸烟间隔 40 分钟。相对于中等尼古丁含量的香烟，安慰剂香烟的总抽吸量和持续时间增加，总抽吸间隔减少。总抽吸量和持续时间的差异通常在吸烟过程中消失，到第三次和第四次吸烟时总抽吸量不存在差异。然而，这些影响似乎是短暂的。这些发现与之前的工作一致，之前的工作观察到吸烟补偿是针对单支香烟的反应，但不是在连续吸烟几天的情况下观察到的。
To address the public health problems caused by smoking, researchers have suggested a gradual reduction in the nicotine content of cigarettes. There remain concerns, however, about the potential for smokers to compensate for reductions in nicotine content by altering their smoking behavior. Such compensatory behaviors may negate any potential cessation and/or harm reduction benefits.The purpose of this study was to quantify smoking behavior (e.g., puff number, volume, duration, interpuff interval, and peak flow) in response to cigarettes, varying only in nicotine content, administered repeatedly.Sixty-seven dependent smokers participated in this two-session, within-subject study. Moderate nicotine content and placebo cigarettes (QuestA (c) brand) were administered in a double-blind and counterbalanced manner. Each session required 12 h of tobacco abstinence and included four ad lib smoking bouts of the condition-assigned cigarette with 40 minutes separating each bout.Placebo cigarettes produced increases in total puff volume and duration and decreases in total interpuff interval relative to cigarettes with moderate nicotine content. Differences in total puff volume and duration generally dissipated across smoking bouts, with differences in total puff volume nonexistent by the third and fourth bouts.Placebo cigarettes produce compensatory smoking during initial exposures; however, these effects appear to be short lived. These findings are consistent with the previous work where smoking compensation has been observed in response to a single cigarette, but not over several days of smoking.