Unintentional drowning mortality, by age and body of water: an analysis of 60 countries.
Unintentional drowning mortality, by age and body of water: an analysis of 60 countries.
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DOI：
10.1136/injuryprev-2013-041110
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kawach I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lin CY;Wang YF;Lu TH;Kawach I
研究60个国家按年龄和水体划分的非故意溺水死亡率，为各国进一步深入调查提供起点。每个国家可获得的最新三年死亡率数据摘自世卫组织卫生统计和信息处（2013年11月13日更新）。我们计算了每个国家按年龄组的意外溺水死亡率。对于使用《国际疾病分类10》（ICD-10）详细的3或4个特征清单的国家，我们进一步检查了所涉及的水体。报告指出，年龄标准化死亡率（每10万人死亡人数）差异很大，从土耳其的0.12到圭亚那的9.19。在年龄标准化死亡率最高的10个国家中，6个（白俄罗斯、立陶宛、拉脱维亚、俄罗斯、乌克兰和摩尔多瓦）在东欧，2个（哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦）在中亚。一些国家（日本、芬兰和希腊）0-4岁儿童死亡率排名相对较低，但老年人死亡率排名较高。相反，南非和哥伦比亚的0-4岁儿童死亡率排名相对较高，但老年人死亡率排名相对较低。在涉及水体方面，涉及浴缸的比例在日本极高（65%），其次是加拿大（11%）和美国（11%）。在2009年至2011年期间，日本有13634例涉及浴缸的溺水死亡，其中12038例（88%）是65岁或以上的老年人。在美国（18%）、澳大利亚（13%）和新西兰（7%），涉及游泳池的比例较高。芬兰（93%）、巴拿马（87%）和立陶宛（85%）涉及天然水的比例较高。在考虑了各国溺水死亡分类报告的完整性和质量后，我们得出结论，在东欧、中亚、日本（涉及浴缸的老年人）和美国（涉及游泳池），溺水是一个高度优先的公共卫生问题。
To examine unintentional drowning mortality by age and body of water across 60 countries, to provide a starting point for further in-depth investigations within individual countries. The latest available three years of mortality data for each country were extracted from WHO Health Statistics and Information Services (updated at 13 November 2013). We calculated mortality rate of unintentional drowning by age group for each country. For countries using International Classification of Disease 10 (ICD-10) detailed 3 or 4 Character List, we further examined the body of water involved. A huge variation in age-standardised mortality rate (deaths per 100 000 population) was noted, from 0.12 in Turkey to 9.19 in Guyana. Of the ten countries with the highest age-standardised mortality rate, six (Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine and Moldova) were in Eastern Europe and two (Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) were in Central Asia. Some countries (Japan, Finland and Greece) had a relatively low rank in mortality rate among children aged 0–4 years, but had a high rank in mortality rate among older adults. On the contrary, South Africa and Colombia had a relatively high rank among children aged 0–4 years, but had a relatively low rank in mortality rate among older adults. With regard to body of water involved, the proportion involving a bathtub was extremely high in Japan (65%) followed by Canada (11%) and the USA (11%). Of the 13 634 drowning deaths involving bathtubs in Japan between 2009 and 2011, 12 038 (88%) were older adults aged 65 years or above. The percentage involving a swimming pool was high in the USA (18%), Australia (13%), and New Zealand (7%). The proportion involving natural water was high in Finland (93%), Panama (87%), and Lithuania (85%). After considering the completeness of reporting and quality of classifying drowning deaths across countries, we conclude that drowning is a high-priority public health problem in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Japan (older adults involving bathtubs), and the USA (involving swimming pools).