Attenuation modes from Vertical Seismic Profiling and sonic waveform in a carbonate reservoir, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Attenuation modes from Vertical Seismic Profiling and sonic waveform in a carbonate reservoir, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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阿拉伯联合酋长国阿布扎比碳酸盐岩储层垂直地震剖面和声波波形的衰减模式
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2478.12388
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
J. Matsushima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Bouchaala;M.Y. Ali;J. Matsushima
在这项研究中，我们使用频谱比率、质心频移和地震干涉测量方法获得了准确和高分辨率的衰减剖面。我们利用了高质量的垂直地震剖面和声波波形数据，这些数据是在阿拉伯联合酋长国阿布扎比的一个碳酸盐岩储层中获得的。垂直地震剖面数据的散射剖面对波的衰减有很大的贡献，这可以用碳酸盐岩的高度非均质性来解释。散射剖面也与地层显微成像仪成像的储集层岩性和裂隙带有很好的相关性。阿拉伯D油藏下部发育一条焦油垫层。这一区域与散射衰减的减少相对应。焦油垫可能填满了毛孔，使这一区域不那么不均匀。因此，散射衰减的减小可以被认为是检测焦油垫的一个潜在参数。去除散射效应后，在某些深度仍然存在非物理负本征衰减值。对此最可能的解释是三维散射效应和短周期上行波，本文没有考虑这一点。地震干涉测量对剩余的散射上行波的敏感性较低，这就是为什么地震干涉测量方法比频谱比和质心频移方法显示的负值更少的原因。与垂直地震剖面衰减相比，从储集层记录的声波波形估计的散射衰减并不显著，本征衰减几乎等于总衰减。我们将这种对散射衰减的低估归因于0.1524米处声波测井数据的稀疏空间采样，这不足以适当地估计非均匀介质中的散射效应。声波衰减与各种岩石物理性质的交会图解表明，声波衰减与储集层的中子孔隙度和电阻率之间存在轻微的相关性。然而，我们可以从这些地块中突出显示属于阿拉伯水库的两个区域。下层对应于阿拉伯D层，由于含油饱和度较高，其声波本征衰减高于上层(阿拉伯A-C层)。这突出了本征衰减对含油饱和度的敏感性。
In this study, we derived accurate and high‐resolution attenuation profiles using spectral ratio, centroid frequency shift, and seismic interferometry methods. We utilized high‐quality vertical seismic profiling and sonic waveform data acquired in a carbonate reservoir located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The scattering profile of vertical‐seismic‐profiling data contributes significantly to wave attenuation that can be explained by high heterogeneity of the carbonate rocks. The scattering profile also correlates well with the reservoir lithology and fractured zones imaged by the Formation MicroImager. A tar mat zone occurs within the lower part of Arab D reservoir. This zone corresponds with a decrease in scattering attenuation. The tar mat may have filled the pores and made this zone less heterogeneous. Therefore, a decrease in scattering attenuation can be considered a potential parameter for tar mat detection. After removing the scattering effect, nonphysical negative intrinsic attenuation values still exist at certain depths. The most probable explanation for this is the three‐dimensional scattering effect, which is not taken into account in this paper, and short‐period upgoing waves. Seismic interferometry is less sensitive to the remaining scattered upgoing wave, which is why seismic interferometry method shows fewer negative values than the spectral ratio and centroid frequency shift methods. Compared with vertical‐seismic‐profiling attenuation, scattering attenuation estimated from sonic waveforms recorded in the reservoir zones is insignificant, and the intrinsic attenuation is almost equivalent to the total attenuation. We attribute this underestimation of the scattering attenuation to the sparse spatial sampling of the sonic logging data at 0.1524 m, which is not sufficient to appropriately estimate the scattering effect in heterogeneous media. The cross‐plots between sonic attenuation and various petrophysical properties show slight dependence between the sonic attenuation and neutron porosity and resistivity in the reservoir zones. However, we can highlight from these plots two zones belonging to the Arab reservoirs. The lower zone corresponds to Arab D reservoir and displays higher sonic intrinsic attenuation than the upper zone (Arab A–C reservoirs) due to higher oil saturation. This highlights the sensitivity of the intrinsic attenuation to the oil saturation.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Mueller, Tobias M.;Gurevich, Boris;Lebedev, Maxim
通讯作者：
Lebedev, Maxim