Attentional bias to affective faces and complex IAPS images in early visual cortex follows emotional cue extraction
Attentional bias to affective faces and complex IAPS images in early visual cortex follows emotional cue extraction
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.052
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发表时间：
2015-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Mueller, Matthias M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bekhtereva, Valeria;Craddock, Matt;Mueller, Matthias M.
众所周知，引起注意的刺激会迅速吸引大脑的处理资源，即使它们与任务无关。稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP）反应，一个神经反应的闪烁刺激，有效地允许测量的处理资源专用于该刺激，已被用来检查这个过程的注意力转移。先前的研究使用了一个任务，参与者检测周期的连贯运动在闪烁的随机点运动图（RDK）产生的SSVEP，并发现任务无关的情绪刺激提取更多的注意资源，从任务相关的RDK比任务无关的中性刺激。然而，目前尚不清楚是否在SSVEP反应的情绪相关的差异是有条件的较高水平提取的情绪线索，由著名的事件相关电位（ERP）组件（N170，早期后负，EPN），或者如果在竞争视觉注意力资源的情感偏见是一个时不变的转移过程的结果。在本研究中，我们使用了两种不同类型的情绪干扰- IAPS图片和面部表情-情绪线索提取发生在不同的速度，通常是更早的脸（在类似于170毫秒，由N170索引）比IAPS图像（类似于220-280毫秒，EPN）。我们发现，情绪调制的注意力资源所测量的SSVEP发生早于面部（约180毫秒）比IAPS图片（约550毫秒），提取后的情绪线索索引的视觉ERP组件。这是一致的情绪相关的注意力资源的重新分配后发生的情绪线索提取，而不是被链接到一个时间固定的转移过程。(C)2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Emotionally arousing stimuli are known to rapidly draw the brain's processing resources, even when they are task-irrelevant. The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) response, a neural response to a flickering stimulus which effectively allows measurement of the processing resources devoted to that stimulus, has been used to examine this process of attentional shifting. Previous studies have used a task in which participants detected periods of coherent motion in flickering random dot kinematograms (RDKs) which generate an SSVEP, and found that task-irrelevant emotional stimuli withdraw more attentional resources from the task-relevant RDKs than task-irrelevant neutral stimuli. However, it is not clear whether the emotion-related differences in the SSVEP response are conditional on higher-level extraction of emotional cues as indexed by well-known event-related potential (ERPs) components (N170, early posterior negativity, EPN), or if affective bias in competition for visual attention resources is a consequence of a time-invariant shifting process. In the present study, we used two different types of emotional distractors - IAPS pictures and facial expressions - for which emotional cue extraction occurs at different speeds, being typically earlier for faces (at similar to 170 ms, as indexed by the N170) than for IAPS images (similar to 220-280 ms, EPN). We found that emotional modulation of attentional resources as measured by the SSVEP occurred earlier for faces (around 180 ms) than for IAPS pictures (around 550 ms), after the extraction of emotional cues as indexed by visual ERP components. This is consistent with emotion related re-allocation of attentional resources occurring after emotional cue extraction rather than being linked to a time-fixed shifting process. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.