ERPs suggest that age affects cognitive control but not response conflict detection
ERPs suggest that age affects cognitive control but not response conflict detection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.07.011
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Bersick, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nessler, Doreen;Friedman, David;Bersick, Michael
有证据表明，在存在反应冲突的情况下，与年龄相关的表现会下降，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。多个过程处于活跃状态，包括那些检测和监控反应冲突的过程，如有必要，这些过程会发出认知控制上调的信号。为了评估哪些执行过程受到衰老的影响，测量了行为和大脑对单词的兼容和不兼容反应（“左”；“右”）。在做出正确反应后，不相容试验中反应冲突的总体增加导致两个年龄组的准确性同样下降，内侧额叶负性（MFN）增加。错误后兼容试验中反应冲突的短暂增加也存在年龄不变性。因此，当人们变老时，检测、监控和管理应对冲突的过程在功能上仍然完好无损。然而，当反应冲突最大时（错误后不兼容），仅在老年人中观察到准确性下降和 MFN 增加。因此，由于老年人即使在最高水平也能够检测和监测反应冲突，因此他们的表现下降的原因很可能在于认知控制的上调受损。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Evidence indicates age-related performance decreases in the presence of response conflict, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Multiple processes are active, including those that detect and monitor response conflict, which, if necessary, signal the upregulation of cognitive control. To assess which of these executive processes is affected by aging, behavioral and brain responses were measured for compatible and incompatible responses to words ("LEFT"; "RIGHT"). After a correct response, the overall increase in response conflict on incompatible trials engendered similarly decreased accuracy and increased medial frontal negativities (MFN) for both age groups. Ageinvariance was also present for momentary increases in response conflict on post-error compatible trials. Hence, the processes for detecting, monitoring and managing response conflict are functionally intact when people age. However, when response conflict was greatest (post-error incompatible), decreased accuracy and increased MFNs were observed only for the elderly. Thus, because the elderly were able to detect and monitor response conflict even at the highest levels, the reason for their performance decrease most likely lies in compromised upregulation of cognitive control. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.