Prioritizing vulnerable children: why should we address inequity?
Prioritizing vulnerable children: why should we address inequity?
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DOI：
10.1111/cch.12264
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
White, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joshua, P.;Zwi, K.;White, L.
背景：来自弱势群体的儿童和青年，包括澳大利亚土著居民、接受家庭外照料的儿童和青年、残疾人和难民家庭的儿童和青年，在获得保健服务方面有困难，而且面临不良后果的高风险，从而加剧了人口健康不平等。这些群体虽然不同，但在利用保健服务方面面临共同的不利条件和共同的挑战。本研究旨在分析新南威尔士州弱势儿童群体的人口统计数据，关注他们的健康需求和解决人口健康不平等问题的战略的基本原理。方法对弱势儿童群体和改善其健康结果的成功战略进行了文献审查。整理了新南威尔士州关于弱势儿童的数据。据估计，新南威尔士州的弱势儿童占儿童人口的10-20%。基于儿童权利、注重护理的公平和有效性、公众舆论和支持此类干预措施的证据基础，改善儿童健康和福祉的努力是合理的。有针对性的（针对特定亚人群的）干预措施和普遍适用的（广泛人群的）战略，使弱势群体不成比例地受益，已被证明在减少保健差距方面是有效的。大多数现有资料涉及特定的脆弱人口群体。然而，一些有效的战略和关键原则广泛适用于整个弱势儿童群体。结论如果要解决不公平问题，弱势儿童应成为卫生保健干预的重点。
Background Children and young people from vulnerable population groups, including Indigenous Australians, those in out of home care, those with disabilities and those from refugee families, have difficulties in accessing health services and are at high risk of adverse outcomes, driving population health inequity. Although heterogeneous, these groups face common disadvantage and shared challenges in health service utilization.Aim This study aims to analyse the demographics of vulnerable child populations in NSW, the rationale for focussing on their health needs and strategies for addressing population health inequity.Methodology A literature review was undertaken on vulnerable child populations and successful strategies for improving their health outcomes. NSW data on vulnerable children were collated.Findings Vulnerable children in NSW are estimated to comprise 10-20% of the childhood population. Efforts to improve their health and well-being can be justified based on child rights, a focus on equity and effectiveness of care, public opinion and the evidence base supporting such interventions. Targeted (subpopulation specific) interventions and delivery of universally applied (population wide) strategies that disproportionately benefit vulnerable populations have been shown to be effective in reducing healthcare disparities. Most available information relates to specific vulnerable population groups. However, some effective strategies and key principles are broadly applicable to the vulnerable child population as a whole.Conclusion Vulnerable children should be a key focus of healthcare interventions if inequities are to be addressed.