Patterns of movement and risk of HIV infection in rural Zimbabwe
Patterns of movement and risk of HIV infection in rural Zimbabwe
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DOI：
10.1086/425270
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Gregson, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coffee, MP;Garnett, GP;Gregson, S
背景在包括津巴布韦在内的南部非洲，高人口流动率可能有助于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的传播，但流动性是否继续影响这一流行病尚不清楚。通过对津巴布韦东部马尼卡兰省12个农村社区的19800名成年人的一般人群调查，评估了运动、危险行为和HIV流行之间的关系。艾滋病毒流行率随社会经济发展而变化。在社区中心，妇女的患病率为49.9%（95%置信区间[CI]，46.1%-53.6%），而在最不发达的自给农业地区，患病率为24.7%（95% CI，22.6%-26.7%）。流动性与艾滋病毒感染风险无关，除了那些在农村地区之间流动的人。农民工患病率为38.8%（95% CI，33.1%-44.6%）女性和26.4%（95% CI，23.8%-28.9%），而其他性活跃女性和男性分别为29.7%（95% CI，28.3%-31.1%）和20.9%（95% CI，19.3%-22.4%）。如果一个人在上个月前往哈拉雷，没有他们的配偶，风险增加，但这种风险没有转移到合作伙伴。从农村到城市的移徙似乎不是津巴布韦农村地区艾滋病毒高流行率的原因，但艾滋病毒感染率可能受到从农村到农村移徙的影响。
Background. High rates of population movement may have helped spread human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, but whether mobility continues to influence the epidemic is unclear.Methods. The relationship between movement, risk behaviors, and prevalence of HIV was assessed from a general population survey of 19800 adults in 12 rural communities in Manicaland province in eastern Zimbabwe.Results. HIV prevalence varied with socioeconomic development. In community centers, prevalence among women was 49.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.1%-53.6%), compared with 24.7% (95% CI, 22.6%-26.7%) in the least-developed subsistence-farming areas. Mobility was not associated with risk of HIV infection, except for those who migrated between rural locations. Among migrant agricultural workers, prevalence was 38.8% ( 95% CI, 33.1%-44.6%) for women and 26.4% (95% CI, 23.8%-28.9%) for men, compared with 29.7% ( 95% CI, 28.3%-31.1%) and 20.9% (95% CI, 19.3%-22.4%) for other sexually active women and men, respectively. Risk was increased if an individual traveled to Harare in the last month, without their spouse, but this risk was not transferred to the partner.Conclusion. Rural-urban migration does not appear to be responsible for maintaining the high HIV prevalence in rural Zimbabwe, but rates of HIV infection may be affected by rural-rural migration.