Self-reported sexual orientation and earnings: Evidence from California
Self-reported sexual orientation and earnings: Evidence from California
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DOI：
10.1177/001979390505800205
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Carpenter, CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carpenter, CS
研究人员使用1988- 1996年的综合社会调查（GSS）发现，行为上的男同性恋/双性恋者的收入比类似的异性恋者低15-30%，行为上的女同性恋/双性恋者的收入比类似的异性恋者高20-30%。这项研究使用了2001年加州5万名成年人自我报告的性取向的机密数据，其中自认为是性少数群体的受访者是GSS的五倍多。以前的方法是通过使用更完整的数据，收入，工作努力和工作特点。除了证据确凿的婚姻溢价外，作者没有发现男女同性恋性取向对收入的统计学或经济学显著独立影响。有证据表明，双性恋男女的收入低于异性恋者。对最近的GSS数据（包括1998-2000年的数据）的分析表明，以前的研究结果对所考虑的时间段有些敏感。
Researchers using the 1988-96 General Social Survey (GSS) have found that behaviorally gay/bisexual men earn 15-30% less, and behaviorally lesbian/bisexual women earn 20-30% more, than similar heterosexuals. This study uses confidential data on self-reported sexual orientation for 50,000 adults in California in 2001, providing more than five times as many respondents who identify themselves as sexual minorities as does the GSS. Previous approaches are extended by using more complete data on earnings, work effort, and job characteristics. Apart from the well-documented marriage premium, the author finds no statistically or economically significant independent effect of a gay or lesbian sexual orientation on earnings. There is some evidence that bisexual men and women earn less than heterosexuals. Analysis of more recent GSS data (including data from 1998-2000) suggests the findings of previous studies are somewhat sensitive to the time period considered.