Mixing and transport by ciliary carpets: a numerical study
Mixing and transport by ciliary carpets: a numerical study
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DOI：
10.1017/jfm.2014.36
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kanso, Eva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Yang;Nawroth, Janna C.;Kanso, Eva
我们使用一个三维的计算模型来研究流体的运输和混合，由于一个无限阵列的纤毛殴打。与最近的实验一致，我们观察到两个不同的区域：纤毛上方的液体输送区域和纤毛尖端下方的液体混合区域。雅阁。已知由于相邻纤毛之间的相位差引起的异时波增强了纤毛尖端上方的流体输送。在这项工作中，我们表明，异时波也提高了混合率在睫状体下区域，往往同时与流速的提高。我们的研究结果表明，这种同时增强运输和混合是由于增强剪切流。随着纤毛上方的流动增加，流体中的剪切速率增加，并且该剪切增强拉伸，这是混合的基本成分。混合时间尺度的估计表明，相比扩散，混合由于纤毛节拍可能是显着的，有时占主导地位的化学扩散。
We use a three-dimensional computational model to study the fluid transport and mixing due to the beating of an infinite array of cilia. In accord with recent experiments, we observe two distinct regions: a fluid transport region above the cilia and a fluid mixing region below the cilia tip. The metachronal wave due to phase differences between neighbouring cilia is known to enhance the fluid transport above the ciliary tip. In this work, we show that the metachronal wave also enhances the mixing rates in the sub-ciliary region, often simultaneously with the flow rate enhancement. Our results suggest that this simultaneous enhancement in transport and mixing is due to an enhancement in shear flow. As the flow above the cilia increases, the shear rate in the fluid increases and this shear enhances stretching, which is an essential ingredient for mixing. Estimates of the mixing time scale indicate that, compared to diffusion, the mixing due to the cilia beat may be significant and sometimes dominates chemical diffusion.