Risk and uncertainty
Risk and uncertainty
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DOI：
10.1002/sej.17
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发表时间：
2007-11
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
D. Schendel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Schendel
你有多少次听说过企业家是冒险者，他们在所有困难中坚持下去，有时会赢，但总是愿意尝试，似乎在所有困难中？在大多数人的心目中，企业家最重要的特征可能是他们愿意承担风险，愿意去别人不愿意去的地方。然而，正如本节中关于风险和不确定性的两篇论文所告诉我们的那样，风险承担远不止这种常见的概念。首先，大多数传统智慧都是基于这样一种观点，至少研究风险的学生会同意，企业家面临的根本不是风险，而是不确定性，甚至是无知。在思考创业精神，特别是战略创业精神时，如果仔细区分风险和不确定性这两个价值概念，会大有收获，因为战略创业精神不可避免地涉及组织而不是个人单独行动，而且往往涉及代理问题，在对创业精神的研究中，对机会及其来源和对这些机会的利用进行了明确区分。我们已经在本卷的前一个主题中看到了这一点，标签为战略与企业家精神。看到机会是一回事，利用和利用机会又是另一回事。正是考虑到什么是机会，并结合机会的使用，本节中仔细划分的区别才有助于我们思考创业精神。
How often have you heard that entrepreneurs are risk-takers, persons who against all odds persevere, sometimes win, but always are willing to try, seemingly against all odds? Probably the foremost characteristic of entrepreneurs in the minds of most is that they are willing to take risks, are willing to go where others will not. Yet, as the two papers in this section on Risk and Uncertainty tell us, there is much more to it than this common conception of risk taking. First of all, much of the conventional wisdom is based on what, at least, students of risk would agree is not risk at all that confronts the entrepreneur, but uncertainty, even ignorance. There is much to be gained by carefully distinguishing between risk and uncertainty as concepts of value in thinking about entrepreneurship, especially strategic entrepreneurship, involving inevitably as it does, organizations and not individuals acting alone, and with that, often agency problems.There is a sharp distinction drawn in studies of entrepreneurship between opportunities and their origin, and exploitation of these opportunities. We have already seen that in the prior topic in this volume labeled, Strategy versus Entrepreneurship. It is one thing to see an opportunity, it is quite another to use and exploit opportunities. It is contemplation of just what an opportunity is in conjunction with its use that the distinctions carefully drawn in this section are useful to our thinking about entrepreneurship.