Egomotion and Vection in Young and Elderly Adults
Egomotion and Vection in Young and Elderly Adults
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DOI：
10.1159/000235816
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Newell, Karl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haibach, Pamela;Slobounov, Semyon;Newell, Karl
背景：由于年龄相关的衰退，老年人倾向于依赖他们的视觉输入而不是其他感觉系统。这种对视觉的依赖使老年人处于福尔斯的危险之中，因为他们往往没有意识到自己身体运动的幅度。目的：本前瞻性研究的目的是确定固定锚和向量后，自我运动在年轻，10-老年和老年人年龄组使用移动房间范例的影响。方法：45名健康受试者分为3个年龄组（青年组，18-20岁;中老年组，60-69岁;老年组，70-79岁）。参与者站在一个振动的虚拟移动房间前的力平台上。光流场呈现给视网膜的中央和周边区域，单独和联合。通过压力中心（COP）评估姿势运动。有5个房间条件用于评估中心和周边视觉对姿势运动的作用。参与者评价他们的向量，感知的运动量，以及每个条件下视觉场景运动的幅度。结果：在所有光流条件下，老年人比年轻人和中老年人产生更多的姿势运动。参与者是相当准确的评级与他们的COP位移他们的姿势运动和vection，然而，年轻人评价他们的vection更高，但产生显着低于COP位移比老年人。当视觉场景的一部分在中央或周边视觉中被遮挡时，两个年龄组的姿势反应也会降低。这些研究结果表明，视觉敏感性的视觉场景运动作为年龄的函数时，信息可用于视网膜的所有领域。视觉场景中的静态图像提供了一个参考点，该参考点被发现有助于稳定身体位置，降低跌倒风险。结论：老年人表现出增加自我运动，但减少vection响应视觉场景运动。很可能是由于健康老龄化导致的本体感受反馈的减少在老年人感知视觉场景运动之前诱导了更大的COP运动，使他们处于招致福尔斯的增加的风险中。版权所有（C）2009 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Background: Elderly people tend to rely upon their visual input more than upon that from other sensory systems due to age-related declines. This reliance upon vision places older adults at risk for falls because they are often not aware of the magnitude of their body motion. Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the influence of stationary anchors and vection upon egomotion in young, young-old and old adult age groups using the moving room paradigm. Methods: Forty-five healthy participants separated into 3 age groups (young, 18-20 years; young-old, 60-69 years; old, 70-79 years) were tested. Participants stood on a force platform in front of an oscillating virtual moving room. Optical flow fields were presented to the central and peripheral areas of the retina, individually and jointly. Postural motion was assessed through center of pressure (COP). There were 5 room conditions used to evaluate the role of central and peripheral vision upon postural motion. Participants rated their vection, perceived amount of motion, and the magnitude of the visual scene motion following each condition. Results: In all optical flow conditions, old adults produced more postural motion than the young and young-old adults. Participants were quite accurate at rating their postural motion and vection with their COP displacement; however, young adults rated their vection higher, yet produced significantly less COP displacement than the older adults. Postural responses were also decreased in both age groups when portions of the visual scene were occluded in central or peripheral vision. These findings indicate visual sensitivity to visual scene motion as a function of age when information is available to all areas of the retina. Static images in the visual scene provide a reference point which was found to assist in the stabilization of body position, decreasing fall risk. Conclusions: Older adults exhibited increased egomotion, yet decreased vection in response to visual scene motion. It is likely that the reduction in proprioceptive feedback due to healthy aging induces greater COP motion in the older adults before they perceive visual scene motion, placing them at an increased risk for incurring falls. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel