Sensory pollutants alter bird phenology and fitness across a continent
Sensory pollutants alter bird phenology and fitness across a continent
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-020-2903-7
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发表时间：
2020-11-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Francis, Clinton D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Senzaki, Masayuki;Barber, Jesse R.;Francis, Clinton D.
在我们的星球上，人为噪音和夜间照明的扩大（1,2）引起了越来越多的保护关注（3-6）。尽管从单一物种和局部尺度的研究中，人们对这些刺激的生理和行为反应的了解越来越多，但这些污染物是否会影响适应性还不太清楚，物种对这些人为压力源的敏感性如何以及为什么会有所不同。在这里，我们利用一个大型公民科学数据集，结合来自美国各地的高分辨率噪音和光线数据，来评估这些刺激如何影响142种鸟类的繁殖成功。我们发现对感官污染物的反应与物种的功能特征和栖息地关系有关。例如，在封闭环境中，鸟类的总体筑巢成功率与噪音呈负相关。鸣叫频率、筑巢地点和饮食可以解释不同物种在噪声暴露下繁殖时间和孵化成功率的变化。此外，物种眼睛聚光能力的增强与光照下生殖时间的加快有关，这可能会造成物候不匹配(7)。出乎意料的是，更好的光收集能力与减少离合器故障和增加整体巢成功有关，这提出了一个重要的问题，即对感官污染物的反应如何抵消或加剧对全球变化（如气候变暖）的其他方面的反应。这些发现表明，人为的噪音和光线可以显著影响繁殖鸟类的物候和适应性，并强调需要考虑感官污染物以及通常为生物多样性保护提供信息的传统环境维度。人类产生的噪音和夜间照明会影响鸟类的繁殖习惯和适应性，这意味着在评估生物多样性保护时，感官污染物必须与其他环境因素一起考虑。
Expansion of anthropogenic noise and night lighting across our planet(1,2) is of increasing conservation concern(3-6). Despite growing knowledge of physiological and behavioural responses to these stimuli from single-species and local-scale studies, whether these pollutants affect fitness is less clear, as is how and why species vary in their sensitivity to these anthropic stressors. Here we leverage a large citizen science dataset paired with high-resolution noise and light data from across the contiguous United States to assess how these stimuli affect reproductive success in 142 bird species. We find responses to both sensory pollutants linked to the functional traits and habitat affiliations of species. For example, overall nest success was negatively correlated with noise among birds in closed environments. Species-specific changes in reproductive timing and hatching success in response to noise exposure were explained by vocalization frequency, nesting location and diet. Additionally, increased light-gathering ability of species' eyes was associated with stronger advancements in reproductive timing in response to light exposure, potentially creating phenological mismatches(7). Unexpectedly, better light-gathering ability was linked to reduced clutch failure and increased overall nest success in response to light exposure, raising important questions about how responses to sensory pollutants counteract or exacerbate responses to other aspects of global change, such as climate warming. These findings demonstrate that anthropogenic noise and light can substantially affect breeding bird phenology and fitness, and underscore the need to consider sensory pollutants alongside traditional dimensions of the environment that typically inform biodiversity conservation.Human-generated noise and night lighting affect breeding habits and fitness in birds, implying that sensory pollutants must be considered alongside other environmental factors in assessing biodiversity conservation.