Patterns of use and knowledge of wild edible plants in distinct ecological environments: a case study of a Mapuche community from northwestern Patagonia
Patterns of use and knowledge of wild edible plants in distinct ecological environments: a case study of a Mapuche community from northwestern Patagonia
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DOI：
10.1023/b:bioc.0000018150.79156.50
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lozada, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ladio, AH;Lozada, M
自远古时代以来，居住在巴塔哥尼亚西北部的土著社区就一直在利用不同的生态环境来寻找野生资源。本文探讨了野生食用植物的实际使用和知识的马普切社区目前定居在巴塔哥尼亚最干旱的地区之一，远离温带森林，他们的祖先曾经生活。野生植物的知识和使用之间的差异进行了分析，强调这些差异可能有助于了解侵蚀过程中发生的社会。这些目标进行了定量研究，利用民族植物学指数，部分来自生态理论。我们的研究结果表明，Paineo居民仍然利用多种生态聚集环境，并有彻底的本地和外来物种的植物知识。距离该社区50多公里的安第斯森林是Paineo居民了解最丰富和最多样化的野生食用植物的环境，其次是蒙特草原物种，最后是生长在他们家园周围的物种。野生食用植物知识在Paineo社区的传播随着年龄的增长而减少，森林植物最容易受到损失。我们的研究结果表明，野生食用植物的知识和消费遵循的模式，根据生态条件的采集环境，以及Paineo人的文化遗产。
The multiple use of distinct ecological environments in the search for wild resources has been practiced since ancestral times in aboriginal communities inhabiting northwestern Patagonia. This paper examines the actual use and knowledge of wild edible plants in a Mapuche community presently settled in one of the most arid areas of Patagonia, far from the temperate forests where their ancestors used to live. The difference between knowledge of and use of wild plants is analyzed emphasizing that these differences could contribute to the understanding of eroding processes believed to be occurring in the community. These objectives are studied quantitatively by utilizing ethnobotanical indices, partially derived from ecological theory. Our results indicate that the Paineo dwellers still utilize multiple ecological gathering environments and have thorough plant knowledge of both native and exotic species. The Andean forest, more than 50 km away from this community, is the environment from which the Paineo dwellers know the greatest total richness and the highest diversity of wild edible plants, followed by the Monte-Steppe species and lastly, those growing around their homes. The transmission of wild edible plant knowledge in the Paineo community diminishes with age, and the forest plants are the most vulnerable to loss. Our results have shown that the knowledge and consumption of wild edible plants follows a pattern according to ecological conditions of the gathering environments, as well as the cultural heritage of the Paineo people.