Drinking status and fatal crashes: Which drinkers contribute most to the problem?
Drinking status and fatal crashes: Which drinkers contribute most to the problem?
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2006.67.722
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Furr-Holden, C. Debra M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Voas, Robert B.;Romano, Eduardo;Furr-Holden, C. Debra M.
目的：本研究的目的是估计不同类别的饮酒者（包括那些有酒精使用障碍的人）对酒精相关的致命机动车碰撞的相对贡献。方法：使用2000年进行的全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查，根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版的分类，确定了六种不重叠的酒精使用者类别（依赖饮酒者、滥用饮酒者、依赖和滥用饮酒者、重度间歇性饮酒者、当前规范饮酒者和当前非饮酒者）的州居民百分比。通过使用死亡分析报告系统的数据进行回归分析，确定了每个州在每个用户类别中的居民百分比及其与该州涉及致命车祸的酒后驾驶人数的关系。结果：一个州在六种消费类别中的饮酒者比例与该州致命车祸中的酒后驾驶人数呈正相关。相反，该州目前不饮酒者的人口比例与车祸中饮酒道路使用者的数量呈负相关。结论：尽管酒精滥用和严重的间歇性饮酒者与致命车祸中受损司机的关联明显更高，但这类司机中有一半与该州目前名义饮酒者的比例有关。尽管这些发现具有相关性，但它们必须受到与使用状态作为分析单位相关的统计限制的限制。
Objective: The object of this study was to estimate the relative contribution of various classes of drinkers (including those with alcohol-use disorders) to alcohol-related fatal motor vehicle crashes. Method: Using the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions conducted in 2000, the percentage of state residents falling into six nonoverlapping alcohol-user categories-dependent drinkers, abusive drinkers, dependent and abusive drinkers, heavy episodic drinkers, current normative drinkers, and current nondrinkers-was determined based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, classifications. The percentage of residents in each state in each of these user categories and their relationships to the number of drinking drivers involved in fatal crashes in that state were determined through regression analysis using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Results: The proportion of drinkers in a state in each of the six consumption categories was positively related to the number of drinking drivers in fatal crashes in that state. Conversely, the percentage of the state's population who were current nondrinkers was negatively related to the number of drinking road users in crashes. Conclusions: Although alcohol abusive and heavy episodic drinkers had substantially higher associations with impaired drivers in fatal crashes, half of such drivers were associated with the percentage of current nominative drinkers in the state. Despite the relevancy of these findings, they must be qualified by statistical limitations associated with the use of state as the unit of analysis.