The Role of Work Experience on Hazard Identification: Assessing the Mediating Effect of Inattention under Fall-Hazard Conditions
The Role of Work Experience on Hazard Identification: Assessing the Mediating Effect of Inattention under Fall-Hazard Conditions
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DOI：
10.1061/9780784482872.055
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Olugbemi Aroke;B. Esmaeili;Sogand Hasanzadeh;Michael D. Dodd;Rebecca Brock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Olugbemi Aroke;B. Esmaeili;Sogand Hasanzadeh;Michael D. Dodd;Rebecca Brock
导致建筑工作场所灾难性伤害的人为错误的主要原因之一是由于注意力不集中或认知失误而未能识别危险。为了解决这一安全问题，本研究使用眼球跟踪技术来评估由于注意力不集中而导致的工作经验和危险识别之间的联系是如何中介的。中介分析是进行的，并使用5,000个重样本的偏差校正自举技术进行测试。结果估计了工作经验对观察不同危险条件的建筑工人危险识别技能的直接和间接影响。中介分析的结果证实，注意力不集中--通过对危险的不注意表现出来--在工作经验和危险识别之间起中介作用。具体地说，虽然工作经验和停留时间与危险识别呈正相关，但工作经验对危险识别的直接影响随着模型中中介变量的加入而减弱，因此表明注意损害抵消了工作经验的好处。这项研究的结果将使研究人员和安全从业者能够利用实时眼动模式来识别认知失败、注意力分配不足和视觉搜索策略不良的前兆，所有这些都可能使建筑工地上的工人面临风险。结果还有助于设计培训干预措施，解决工人独特的表现缺陷，以防止在动态环境中导致伤害的人为错误。
One of the main contributors to the human errors that lead to catastrophic injuries in the construction workplace is the failure to identify hazards as a result of poor attention or cognitive lapses. To address this safety concern, the present study used eye-tracking technology to assess how the association between work experience and hazard identification may be mediated due to inattention. A mediation analysis was conducted and tested using a bias-corrected bootstrapping technique with 5,000 resamples. The results estimate the direct and indirect effects of work experience on the hazard identification skills of construction workers observing varying hazardous conditions. The results of the mediation analysis confirm that inattention—demonstrated via inattentiveness toward hazards—mediates the relationship between work experience and hazard identification. Specifically, though work experience and dwell time positively correlate with hazard identification, the direct effect of work experience on hazard identification is attenuated with the inclusion of the mediator variables in the model, thus suggesting attentional impairment offsets the benefits of work experience. The outcomes of this study will enable researchers and safety practitioners to harness real-time eye-movement patterns to identify the precursors of cognitive failure, deficient attentional allocation, and poor visual search strategies, all of which may put workers at risk on construction sites. The results also facilitate the design of training interventions that will address unique performance deficiencies in workers to prevent the human errors that cause injuries in dynamic environments.