Further exploration of the Penh parameter
Further exploration of the Penh parameter
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DOI：
10.1016/j.etp.2006.02.014
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lomask, Morton
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文献类型：
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作者：
Lomask, Morton
自由体积描记法（UP）已被广泛用于测量清醒小鼠的气道反应性。它是非侵入性的，易于使用，适合于纵向研究，并允许用于筛选目的的动物的大通量。一个无量纲参数的基础上的特征变化的呼气波形的UP盒信号，Penh，已被用作一个指标的支气管收缩。Hamelmann等人[使用气压体积描记法对过敏原小鼠的气道反应性进行无创测量。Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156：766-77]提供了显示Penh和胸膜内压以及肺阻力之间的相关性的实验数据;以及Dohi等人[Non-invasive system for evaluating the allergen-specific airway response in a murine model of asthma. Lab Invest 1999;79：1559-71]显示Penh追踪了支气管对变应原激发的反应。最近，论文和给编辑的信件反对在抗性应用中使用UP和Penh，提出了数学和理论论点，即UP波形和由其衍生的参数（Penh）受条件作用支配，并且基本上与抗性无关[Lundblad等人，A reevaluation of the validity of UP in mice. J Appl Physiol 2002;93：1198-207; Mitzner和坦克斯利.在小鼠中解释Penh。J Appl Physiol 2003;94：828-32]。本文讨论了UP应用于两种类型的全身体积描记器（WBP）的数学：密封室（压力体积描记器，PWBP）;以及在其壁中具有呼吸速度描记器的室（流动体积描记器，FWBP）。我们表明，PWBP波形主要是由空调为主，并表现出很小的影响，由于电阻，从而支持的说法，即UP和Penh是无关的电阻，当应用于测量在典型的室温下。相比之下，即使在室温下，阻力或比气道阻力（sRaw）的影响在FWBP波形中也是明显的。Penh源自FWBP波形。我们表明，FWBP波形的变化，发生在乙酰甲胆碱的挑战，不能是由于空调，而不是简单地由于呼吸时间的变化。最后，我们描述了Penh如何量化这些变化。(c)2006年Elsevier GmbH。All rights reserved.
Unrestrained plethysmography (UP) has been widely used to measure airway reactivity in conscious mice. It is noninvasive, easy to use, suitable for longitudinal studies, and allows a large throughput of animals for screening purposes. A non-dimensional parameter based on a characteristic change in the expiratory waveshape of the UP box signal, Penh, has been used as an indicator of bronchconstriction. Hamelmann et al. [Non-invasive measurement of airway responsiveness in allergen mice using barometric plethysmography. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:766-77] presented experimental data showing a correlation between Penh and intrapleural pressure, as well as lung resistance; and Dohi et al. [Non-invasive system for evaluating the allergen-specific airway response in a murine model of asthma. Lab Invest 1999;79:1559-71] showed that Penh tracked the bronchial response to allergen challenge. More recently, papers and letters to the editor have argued against the use of UP and Penh in resistance applications, presenting mathematical and theoretical arguments that the UP waveform, and parameters derived from it (Penh) are dominated by conditioning, and are essentially unrelated to resistance [Lundblad et al. A reevaluation of the validity of UP in mice. J Appl Physiol 2002;93:1198-207; Mitzner and Tankersley. Interpreting Penh in mice. J Appl Physiol 2003;94:828-32].This paper discusses the mathematics of UP as applied to two types of whole body plethysmographs (WBPs): a sealed chamber (pressure plethysmograph, PWBP); and a chamber with a pneumotachograph in its wall (flow plethysmograph, FWBP). We show that the PWBP waveform is largely dominated by conditioning, and exhibits little effect due to resistance; thus supporting the claim that UP and Penh are unrelated to resistance, when applied to measurements at typical room temperatures. By contrast, the effects of resistance or specific airway resistance (sRaw) are evident in the FWBP waveform, even at room temperature. Penh is derived from the FWBP waveform. We show that the changes in the FWBP waveform which occur in response to methacholine challenge cannot be due to conditioning, and are not simply due to changes in respiratory timing. Finally, we describe how Penh quantifies those changes. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.