Persistent konzo and cyanogen toxicity from cassava in northern Mozambique
Persistent konzo and cyanogen toxicity from cassava in northern Mozambique
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00042-6
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Bradbury, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ernesto, M;Cardoso, AP;Bradbury, JH
我们的目标是在莫桑比克北部楠普拉省以前受魔芋疫情影响的社区发现新的魔芋病例并监测木薯粉中的氰化物暴露。其他目标是检测学龄儿童的亚临床上运动神经元损伤，并测试一种新的试剂盒来测量尿硫氰酸盐浓度。1999年和2000年，我们在门巴区和莫金库尔区对Konzo进行了主动和被动案件侦破。1999年7月和10月，我们从三个社区的30户人家收集了木薯粉，并用苦味试剂盒测定了氰化物的浓度。1999年10月，我们对三个社区的所有学龄儿童进行了脚踝阵挛检查，并用苦味酸盐试剂盒测量了五个社区中每个社区的30名小学生的尿硫氰酸盐浓度。我们在莫金库尔区发现了27例新的Konzo病例。木薯粉中的平均总氰化物浓度在季节和年份之间有所不同，但始终很高，从26到186ppm。1998年11月和1999年7月三个地点的平均水平很高，可能是由于1997-1998年季节降雨量较少所致。患踝阵挛的学龄儿童比例从8%到17%不等。新的尿硫氰酸盐苦味酸试剂盒工作良好；学龄儿童的平均浓度在225到384mumol L(-1)之间。在莫桑比克北部贫穷的农村社区，Konzo和亚临床上运动神经元损伤持续存在，与木薯面粉中氰化物浓度高和学龄儿童尿硫氰酸盐浓度高有关。(C)2002 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
We aimed to detect new cases of konzo and monitor cyanogen exposure from cassava flour in communities previously affected by konzo epidemics in Nampula Province, northern Mozambique. Other objectives were to detect subclinical upper motor neuron damage in schoolchildren and test a new kit to measure urinary thiocyanate concentration. In 1999 and 2000, we carried out active and passive case detection for konzo in Memba and Mogincual Districts. In July and October, 1999, we collected cassava flour from 30 houses in three communities and measured cyanogen concentrations with a picrate kit. In October 1999, we examined all schoolchildren in three communities for ankle clonus and measured urinary thiocyanate concentration in thirty schoolchildren in each of five communities with a picrate kit. We found 27 new cases of konzo in Mogincual District. Mean total cyanogen concentrations in cassava flour varied between both seasons and years, but were always high, ranging from 26 to 186 ppm. Very high mean levels at three sites in November 1998 and July 1999 were probably due to low rainfall in the 1997-1998 season. The proportion of schoolchildren with ankle clonus varied from 8 to 17%. The new picrate kit for urinary thiocyanate worked well; mean concentrations in schoolchildren ranged from 225 to 384 mumol l(-1). Konzo and sub-clinical upper motor neuron damage persist in poor rural communities in northern Mozambique, associated with high cyanogen concentrations in cassava flour and high urinary thiocyanate concentrations in schoolchildren. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.