Does preterm birth increase a child's risk for language impairment?
Does preterm birth increase a child's risk for language impairment?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.08.014
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Faldella, Giacomo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sansavini, Alessandra;Guarini, Annalisa;Faldella, Giacomo
背景：尽管早产与语言习得滞后有关，但尚不清楚早产儿是否会增加语言障碍 (LI) 的风险。这项研究确定了在 2;6 和 3;6 时没有明显脑损伤的早产儿是否比足月儿表现出更高的 LI 风险率。方法：对 64 名意大利非常不成熟的早产儿按 2;6 和 3;6; 进行纵向评估。年龄匹配的足月作为 2;6 (n = 22) 和 3;6 (n = 40) 的对照。每个人都完成了认知和语言能力的个性化评估。在每个时间点，使用针对每种语言测量的特定截止值，将儿童分为两组（有 LI 风险，无 LI 风险）。结果：2:6（9.1% 至 13.6%）和 3:6（7.5%）有 LI 风险的足月儿百分比与之前对这些年龄段 LI 的估计一致。在 2:6（16.1% 至 24.1%）和 3:6（34.4%）年龄组中，存在 LI 风险的早产儿百分比在两个年龄段均较高，并且在 3;6 组中具有统计学显着性（差异 = 26.8%，95% CI = 12.3% 至 41.4%）。预测 3;6 时风险状态的最佳模型是早产儿的平均话语长度 (MLU) 为 2:6。 （敏感性 72.73%，特异性 85%）。结论：早产儿在学龄前阶段表现出 LI 的风险较高，因为大约四分之一的早产儿（2;6 岁）和三分之一的早产儿（3;6 岁）在语言习得方面经历了显着的滞后。研究结果表明，早期识别早产儿的语言困难以及对这些青少年实施系统的以语言为重点的干预措施非常重要。 (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Background: Although premature birth is associated with lags in language acquisition, it is unclear whether preterms exhibit an elevated risk for language impairment (LI). This study determined whether preterms, without frank cerebral damage, at 2;6 and 3;6 exhibited a higher rate of risk for LI as compared to full-terms. and also sought to identify predictors of risk.Method: Sixty-four Italian very immature preterms were assessed longitudinally at 2;6 and 3;6; age-matched full-terms served as controls at 2;6 (n = 22) and 3;6 (n = 40). Each completed individualized assessments of cognition and language ability. At each time point, using cut-offs specific to each of the language measures, children were differentiated into two groups (at risk for LI, not at risk).Results: The percentage of full-terms at risk for LI at 2:6 (9.1% to 13.6%) and 3:6 (7.5%) was consistent with prior estimates of LI at these ages. The percentage of preterms at risk for LI at 2:6 (16.1% to 24.1%) and 3:6 (34.4%) was higher at both ages and statistically significant at 3;6 (difference = 26.8%, 95% CI = 12.3% to 41.4%). The best model predicting risk status at 3;6 was preterms' mean length of utterance (MLU) at 2:6. (sensitivity 72.73%, specificity 85%) when adjusting for maternal education.Conclusion: Preterms exhibit a heightened risk for LI in the preschool years, since about one in four preterms at 2;6 and one in three preterms at 3;6 experiences significant lags in language acquisition. Findings argue the importance of early identification of language difficulties among preterms coupled with implementation of systematic language-focused interventions for these youngsters. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.