Understanding the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions across scales.
Understanding the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions across scales.
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DOI：
10.1111/eva.12294
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Koskella B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Penczykowski RM;Laine AL;Koskella B
预测寄主种群内部和寄主种群之间寄生虫的出现、传播和进化需要深入了解适应的空间和时间尺度，包括通过群落层面的动态了解寄主内部的情况。尽管很少有病理系统存在如此广泛的数据，但最近一直在推动整合在多个尺度上进行的研究或同时测试跨尺度发生的动态。借鉴文献中的例子，主要侧重于三个不同的宿主-寄生虫案例研究，我们首先检查当前对宿主和寄生虫种群空间结构的理解，包括局部适应模式以及宿主抵抗力和寄生虫感染性的空间变化。然后，我们探索测量宿主与寄生虫相互作用的时间变化和动态的方法，并讨论检查生态和进化时间尺度变化的必要性。最后，我们重点介绍了可以同时分析跨尺度动态的新方法和综合方法。我们认为，在宿主-寄生虫相互作用的研究中检查尺度之间的相互作用具有很大的价值。
Predicting the emergence, spread and evolution of parasites within and among host populations requires insight to both the spatial and temporal scales of adaptation, including an understanding of within‐host up through community‐level dynamics. Although there are very few pathosystems for which such extensive data exist, there has been a recent push to integrate studies performed over multiple scales or to simultaneously test for dynamics occurring across scales. Drawing on examples from the literature, with primary emphasis on three diverse host–parasite case studies, we first examine current understanding of the spatial structure of host and parasite populations, including patterns of local adaptation and spatial variation in host resistance and parasite infectivity. We then explore the ways to measure temporal variation and dynamics in host–parasite interactions and discuss the need to examine change over both ecological and evolutionary timescales. Finally, we highlight new approaches and syntheses that allow for simultaneous analysis of dynamics across scales. We argue that there is great value in examining interplay among scales in studies of host–parasite interactions.