Vascular dementia.
Vascular dementia.
复制标题
DOI：
10.4068/cmj.2011.47.2.66
复制
发表时间：
2011-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lee AY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee AY
脑血管疾病是老年人认知障碍的第二大原因，无论是单独还是与阿尔茨海默病（AD）合并。血管性痴呆（VaD）在临床表型和发病机制方面具有异质性。它可能是由于大脑大血管病变引起的多发性皮质梗死，也可能是由于大脑小动脉疾病引起的皮质下缺血性改变，如白质变或腔隙性梗死。临床症状和体征因卒中病变的位置和大小而异，尽管执行功能障碍很常见，但VaD没有单一的神经心理学特征。与AD相比，VaD有稍高的死亡率和较慢的进展。VaD有可能通过严格识别和治疗心血管疾病危险因素来预防，并且有报道称使用胆碱酯酶抑制剂可以适度改善症状。
Cerebrovascular disease is the second leading cause of cognitive impairment in the elderly, either alone or in combination with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Vascular dementia (VaD) is heterogeneous in terms of both clinical phenotype and pathogenetic mechanisms. It may result from multiple cortical infarctions due to cerebral large vessel pathologies or to subcortical ischemic changes such as leukoaraiosis or lacunar infarction due to cerebral small artery disease. Clinical symptoms and signs vary depending on the location and size of the stroke lesion, and no single neuropsychological profile characteristic of VaD has been defined, although dysexecutive function is common. A slightly higher mortality rate and slower progression are reported in VaD compared with AD. VaD is potentially preventable by rigorous identification and treatment of cardiovascular disease risk factors, and modest symptomatic improvement with cholinesterase inhibitors has been reported.