How will melting of ice affect volcanic hazards in the twenty-first century?

How will melting of ice affect volcanic hazards in the twenty-first century?
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冰融化将如何影响二十一世纪的火山灾害?

DOI:
10.1098/rsta.2010.0063
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Tuffen H
Tuffen H
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作者:
Tuffen H

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许多活火山上的冰川和冰盖正在迅速消退。有令人信服的证据表明,在最后一次冰川消退期间,冰的融化引发了火山活动的急剧加速。本世纪与气候变化有关的冰的融化是否会同样影响火山活动和相关的危害?本文提供了一个关键的概述的证据,目前的冰融化将增加危险的火山爆发的频率或规模。冰衰退和火山活动加速之间的联系的许多方面仍然知之甚少。关键问题包括火山系统对冰融化的反应有多快,火山是否对冰厚度的微小变化敏感,以及冰的衰退如何影响成层火山岩浆的产生、储存和喷发。在不久的将来,冰川化的成层火山的崩塌事件可能会更加频繁,冰的融化和火山活动的增强之间有很大的正反馈潜力。尽管如此,还需要开展更多的研究,以消除目前关于气候变化对21世纪火山灾害影响的不确定性。
Glaciers and ice sheets on many active volcanoes are rapidly receding. There is compelling evidence that melting of ice during the last deglaciation triggered a dramatic acceleration in volcanic activity. Will melting of ice this century, which is associated with climate change, similarly affect volcanic activity and associated hazards? This paper provides a critical overview of the evidence that current melting of ice will increase the frequency or size of hazardous volcanic eruptions. Many aspects of the link between ice recession and accelerated volcanic activity remain poorly understood. Key questions include how rapidly volcanic systems react to melting of ice, whether volcanoes are sensitive to small changes in ice thickness and how recession of ice affects the generation, storage and eruption of magma at stratovolcanoes. A greater frequency of collapse events at glaciated stratovolcanoes can be expected in the near future, and there is strong potential for positive feedbacks between melting of ice and enhanced volcanism. Nonetheless, much further research is required to remove current uncertainties about the implications of climate change for volcanic hazards in the twenty-first century.
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