The validity of self-reported likelihood of HIV infection among the general population in rural Malawi
The validity of self-reported likelihood of HIV infection among the general population in rural Malawi
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DOI：
10.1136/sti.2006.020545
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Bula, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bignami-Van Assche, S.;Chao, L-W;Bula, A.
背景：了解艾滋病毒风险认知对于设计适当的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防策略非常重要，因为这些干预措施往往依赖于行为改变。艾滋病毒风险认知的一个关键组成部分是个人自己对艾滋病毒状况的评估，以及这种评估的正确程度。然而，这个问题得到的关注有限。目的：检验马拉维农村一般人群中自我报告当前艾滋病毒感染可能性的有效性。方法：作为小组家庭调查的一部分，收集了马拉维农村地区约3000名年龄在bb0 = 15岁的受访者的行为和生物标志物数据。通过调查访谈收集自我评估目前感染艾滋病毒可能性的信息。从所有同意的应答者中获取唾液以评估实际的艾滋病毒状况。结果：2299名调查对象在调查时评估了自己感染艾滋病毒的可能性，其中71%是准确的。大多数不正确的评估（88%）是由于答复者高估（而不是低估）其感染艾滋病毒的可能性。女性比男性更不可能正确评估自己的艾滋病毒状况。假阳性反应的两个最重要的预测因素是婚姻状况和自我报告的健康状况。结论：自我报告HIV感染情况基本有效。大多数无效的自我报告是由于高估了感染艾滋病毒的风险。这一发现的意义是突出的，因为它们与艾滋病毒预防干预措施的设计和发展中国家艾滋病毒咨询、检测和治疗方案的扩大有关。
Background: Understanding HIV risk perception is important for designing appropriate strategies for HIV/ AIDS prevention, because these interventions often rely on behaviour modification. A key component of HIV risk perception is the individual's own assessment of HIV status, and the extent to which this assessment is correct. However, this issue has received limited attention.Objectives: To examine the validity of self-reported likelihood of current HIV infection among the general population in rural Malawi.Methods: As part of a panel household survey, data on behaviour and biomarkers were collected for a population-based sample of approximately 3000 respondents in rural Malawi aged >= 15 years. Information on self-assessed likelihood of currently having HIV was collected by survey interview. Saliva was obtained from all consenting respondents to assess actual HIV status.Results: Of 2299 survey respondents who assessed their likelihood of being infected with HIV at the time of the survey, 71% were accurate. Most incorrect assessments (88%) were due to respondents overestimating (rather than underestimating) their likelihood of being infected with HIV. Women were less likely than men to correctly assess their HIV status. The two most important predictors of false-positive responses were marital status and self-reported health.Conclusions: Self-reports of HIV infection were generally valid. Most invalid self-reports were due to overestimating the risk of having HIV. The implications of this finding are highlighted, as they pertain to the design of HIV prevention interventions and the expansion of HIV counselling, testing and treatment programmes in developing countries.