Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation of Tetralin and Naphthalene to Explore Heavy Oil Upgrading Using NiMo/Al2O3 and CoMo/Al2O3 Catalysts Heated with Steel Balls via Induction
Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation of Tetralin and Naphthalene to Explore Heavy Oil Upgrading Using NiMo/Al2O3 and CoMo/Al2O3 Catalysts Heated with Steel Balls via Induction
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DOI：
10.3390/catal10050497
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Wood, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hart, Abarasi;Adam, Mohamed;Wood, Joseph
以四氢萘和萘为模型反应，模拟重油中的多环芳烃化合物进行加氢和脱氢反应。重点是探索使用3 mm钢球感应加热的NiMo/Al 2 O3和CoMo/Al 2 O3催化剂的复合重油改质。该应用是为了增加和创造均匀的温度在附近的催化升级过程中原位（卡普里）结合脚趾到脚跟空气注射（泰国）的过程。在催化剂/钢球70%（v/v）、压力18巴和气体流量200 mL/min（H（2）或N-2）下，研究了温度在210-380 ℃范围内和流量1-3 mL/min的影响。固定床动力学数据用一级速率方程和假定的活塞流模型描述。结果发现，Ni金属表现出更高的加氢/脱氢功能比Co。随着反应温度从210 ° C增加到300 ° C，萘加氢增加，而进一步的温度增加到380 ° C引起的下降。萘加氢反应的表观活化能为16.3kJ/mol。萘的加氢速率比四氢萘快，其速率常数为1：2.5（四氢萘/萘）。结果表明，感应加热混合催化床的催化剂与周围流体之间的温度梯度比常规加热的催化剂与周围流体之间的温度梯度小。这有利于吸热的四氢化萘脱氢，而不是放热的萘氢化。四氢萘脱氢反应产生的焦炭是萘加氢反应的6倍多，催化剂孔堵塞也更严重。因此，氢气的加入增强了产物从催化剂表面的脱附，并减少了焦炭的形成。
This paper reports the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of tetralin and naphthalene as model reactions that mimic polyaromatic compounds found in heavy oil. The focus is to explore complex heavy oil upgrading using NiMo/Al(2)O(3)and CoMo/Al(2)O(3)catalysts heated inductively with 3 mm steel balls. The application is to augment and create uniform temperature in the vicinity of the CAtalytic upgrading PRocess In-situ (CAPRI) combined with the Toe-to-Heel Air Injection (THAI) process. The effect of temperature in the range of 210-380 degrees C and flowrate of 1-3 mL/min were studied at catalyst/steel balls 70% (v/v), pressure 18 bar, and gas flowrate 200 mL/min (H(2)or N-2). The fixed bed kinetics data were described with a first-order rate equation and an assumed plug flow model. It was found that Ni metal showed higher hydrogenation/dehydrogenation functionality than Co. As the reaction temperature increased from 210 to 300 degrees C, naphthalene hydrogenation increased, while further temperature increases to 380 degrees C caused a decrease. The apparent activation energy achieved for naphthalene hydrogenation was 16.3 kJ/mol. The rate of naphthalene hydrogenation was faster than tetralin with the rate constant in the ratio of 1:2.5 (tetralin/naphthalene). It was demonstrated that an inductively heated mixed catalytic bed had a smaller temperature gradient between the catalyst and the surrounding fluid than the conventional heated one. This favored endothermic tetralin dehydrogenation rather than exothermic naphthalene hydrogenation. It was also found that tetralin dehydrogenation produced six times more coke and caused more catalyst pore plugging than naphthalene hydrogenation. Hence, hydrogen addition enhanced the desorption of products from the catalyst surface and reduced coke formation.