The myodural bridge existing in the Nephocaena phocaenoides.
The myodural bridge existing in the Nephocaena phocaenoides.
复制标题
存在于海蛇中的肌硬膜桥。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0173630
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sui HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu P;Li C;Zheng N;Xu Q;Yu SB;Sui HJ
近年来的研究发现，人的后方小头直肌(RCPMI)与颈椎硬脊膜之间的肌膜桥(MDB)位于后方的寰枕间隙。推测MDB可能起着重要的生理作用。因此，在哺乳动物的进化中，MDB可能是一个高度保守的结构。然而，关于海洋哺乳动物中MDB的存在，几乎没有确凿的描述。本研究的目的是探索斑节对虾中MDB的存在及其纤维特性。本研究使用6具福尔马林固定的海豚身体。其中1例用于头颈部CT扫描及三维重建和枕下区解剖，2例用于头颈部P45塑化片切片观察，3例用于枕下结构的组织学分析。这是首次证明在水生哺乳动物中存在MDB的研究。小头背直肌(RCDMI)起源于枕骨下缘，插入颈椎硬脊膜。在RCDMI的腹侧，MDB直接穿过后环枕骨间隙，与由Ⅰ型胶原组成的颈椎硬脑膜相连。此外，在海豚中未发现有寰枕背侧膜。肌腱膜桥从RCDmi经后环枕间隙延伸至硬脊膜。
Recent studies have identified that the myodural bridge (MDB) between the rectus capitis posterior minor (RCPmi) and the cervical spinal dura mater in the posterior atlanto-occipital interspace in humans. And it was supposed that the MDB may play essential physiological roles. As a result, the MDB is possibly a highly conserved structure in the evolution of mammals. However, there is little confirmative description about the existence of the MDB in marine mammals. The objective of this study was to explore the existence and the fiber property of the MDB in the Neophocaena phocaenoides. Six cadavers of the Neophocaena phocaenoides with formalin fixation were used in this study. One was used for head and neck CT scanning and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and suboccipital region dissection, two were for sectional observation by P45 plastinated sheets of head and neck, and three were for histological analysis of suboccipial structures. This is the first study to demonstrate the existence of the MDB in the aquatic mammals. The rectus capitis dorsal minor (RCDmi) originated from the inferior border of the occiput and inserted into the cervical spinal dura mater. At the ventral aspect of the RCDmi, the MDB directly extended through the posterior atlanto-occipital interspace and connected with the cervical spinal dura mater which was consisted of type Ⅰ collagen. In addition, the dorsal atlanto-occipital membrane was not found in the Neophocaena phocaenoides. The tendinous myodural bridge extended from the RCDmi to the spinal dura mater through the posterior atlanto-occipital interspace in the Neophocaena phocaenoides.