Relationships between early alcohol experiences, drinker self-schema, and drinking and smoking in college students
Relationships between early alcohol experiences, drinker self-schema, and drinking and smoking in college students
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DOI：
10.1080/08897077.2018.1443314
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Stein, Karen F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Chia-Kuei;Corte, Colleen;Stein, Karen F.
背景：饮酒和吸烟在大学生中普遍共存。尽管众所周知，饮酒者的身份预示着酒精的使用和酒精问题，而且早期的证据表明，它也预示着吸烟，但这些行为在饮酒者身份发展中的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中，作者将饮酒者身份定义为一种被称为自我图式的持久记忆结构，并对大学生早期饮酒经历、饮酒者自我图式和酒精和烟草使用之间的关系进行了初步调查。方法：330名报告目前使用酒精和烟草的大学生被招募参加在线调查研究。测量了过去30天内饮酒和吸烟的频率、饮酒者自我图式和早期饮酒经历。结果：结构方程模型显示父母酒精问题与早期饮酒有关。早开始饮酒和高中朋友饮酒与高中更多的酒精使用和酒精相关问题有关。高中时期的酒精问题与高饮酒者自我图式得分有关，而高饮酒者自我图式得分与大学期间高频率的酒精和烟草使用有关。饮酒者自我图式的间接效应显著。结论：虽然是横断面的，但这项初步研究支持了理论预测，即早期饮酒经历可能有助于饮酒者自我图式的发展，正如预期的那样，饮酒者自我图式与大学期间的酒精和烟草使用呈正相关。纵向研究追踪饮酒行为的展开，以及在饮酒者自我图式发展过程中与之相关的情境因素，对于证实理论模型至关重要。如果得到支持，在不同的发展阶段进行干预，以预防早期饮酒，限制青少年饮酒，改变饮酒者自我图式的发展，可能会减轻大学生饮酒和吸烟的影响。
Background: Drinking and smoking commonly co-occur in undergraduate students. Although an identity as a drinker is a known predictor of alcohol use and alcohol problems, and early evidence suggests that it also predicts smoking, the role of these behaviors in the development of an identity as a drinker is unknown. In this study, the authors conceptualized a drinker identity as an enduring memory structure referred to as a self-schema and conducted a preliminary investigation of the relationships between early drinking experiences, drinker self-schema, and alcohol and tobacco use in undergraduate students. Methods: Three-hundred thirty undergraduates who reported current alcohol and tobacco use were recruited for an online survey study. Frequency of alcohol and tobacco use in the past 30days, drinker self-schema, and early experiences with alcohol were measured. Results: Structural equation modeling showed that parental alcohol problems were associated with early onset of drinking. Early onset of drinking and high school friends' drinking were associated with more alcohol use and alcohol-related problems in high school. Alcohol problems during high school were associated with high drinker self-schema scores, which were associated with high frequency of alcohol and tobacco use during college. The indirect effects through the drinker self-schema were significant. Conclusions: Although cross-sectional, this preliminary examination supports theoretical predictions that early alcohol experiences may contribute to development of the drinker self-schema, which, as expected, was positively associated with alcohol and tobacco use in college. Longitudinal studies that track the unfolding of drinking behavior and the contextual factors that are associated with it in the development of the drinker self-schema are essential to confirming the theoretical model. If supported, implications for intervention at different developmental stages to prevent early onset of drinking, limit adolescent alcohol use, and modify the development of a drinker self-schema may mitigate undergraduate drinking and smoking.