Manipulation of fish germ cell: Visualization, cryopreservation and transplantation
Manipulation of fish germ cell: Visualization, cryopreservation and transplantation
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DOI：
10.1262/jrd.18096
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Yoshizaki, Goro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okutsu, Tornoyuki;Yano, Ayaka;Yoshizaki, Goro
生殖细胞移植在生物学和畜牧业中有许多应用，包括研究生殖细胞发育和分化的复杂过程，通过基因修饰生殖细胞产生转基因动物，以及创建可以从代孕亲本产生目标物种的亲本系统。生殖细胞移植技术最初使用原始生殖细胞（PGCs）在鸡中建立，随后扩展到使用精原干细胞的小鼠。最近，我们利用鱼类PGCs和精原细胞在低等脊椎动物中开发了第一个生殖细胞移植系统。在哺乳动物生殖细胞移植过程中，将供体精原干细胞导入受体睾丸的精小管。相比之下，在鱼类生殖细胞移植系统中，供体细胞被微注射到新孵化胚胎的腹膜腔中；这允许供体生殖细胞向受体生殖嵴迁移并随后定植。受体胚胎具有不成熟的免疫系统，因此供体生殖细胞可以存活，甚至在其异体性腺中分化成成熟的配子，最终导致正常后代的产生。此外，植入的精原细胞可以分别在男性和女性受体中成功分化为精子和卵子。鱼类移植研究的结果提高了我们对脊椎动物进化过程中生殖细胞系统发育的理解。
Germ-cell transplantation has many applications in biology and animal husbandry, including investigating the complex processes of germ-cell development and differentiation, producing transgenic animals by genetically modifying germline cells, and creating broodstock systems in which a target species can be produced from a surrogate parent. The germ-cell transplantation technique was initially established in chickens using primordial germ cells (PGCs), and was subsequently extended to mice using spermatogonial stem cells. Recently, we developed the first germ-cell transplantation system in lower vertebrates using fish PGCs and spermatogonia. During mammalian germ-cell transplantation, donor spermatogonial stem cells are introduced into the seminiferous tubules of the recipient testes. By contrast, in the fish germ-cell transplantation system, donor cells are microinjected into the peritoneal cavities of newly hatched embryos; this allows the donor germ cells to migrate towards, and subsequently colonize, the recipient genital ridges. The recipient embryos have immature immune systems, so the donor germ cells can survive and even differentiate into mature gametes in their allogeneic gonads, ultimately leading to the production of normal offspring. In addition, implanted spermatogonia can successfully differentiate into sperm and eggs, respectively, in male and female recipients. The results of transplantation studies in fish are improving our understanding of the development of germ-cell systems during vertebrate evolution.