Considerations of the risk of influenza in children and indications for prophylaxis.
Considerations of the risk of influenza in children and indications for prophylaxis.
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考虑儿童流感风险和预防指征。
DOI：
10.1093/clinids/2.3.408
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Glezen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Glezen
开发有效的预防流感病毒感染的方法是一项特殊的挑战。保护性反应的刺激显然需要一次以上的病毒暴露。然后，病毒可能改变其表面抗原，使先前获得的免疫无效。理想情况下，人工预防应刺激比自然感染更好的保护，并应预期抗原的变化。在流感流行期间，儿童的发病率最高，并伴有相当大的风险。与此同时，学校和日托中心的儿童是社区中最重要的病毒传播者。在找到有效的方法和策略后，应考虑为所有儿童提供预防流感的保护，这种预防措施不仅可以减少儿童的发病率和严重疾病，还可以减少高危成人患者接触流感的风险。
The development of effective prophylaxis against influenza virus infections presents a special challenge. Stimulation of a protective response apparently requires more than one exposure to the virus. The virus may then change its surface antigens to render ineffective previously acquired immunity. Ideally, artificial prophylaxis should stimulate better protection than does natural infection and should anticipate antigenic change. Children experience the highest morbidity, accompanied by considerable risk, during influenza epidemics. At the same time, children in school and day care are the most important disseminators of virus in the community. Consideration should be given to providing protection for all children against influenza when effective methods and strategies have been found. Such prophylaxis would decrease not only morbidity and serious disease in children but also the risk of exposure of high-risk adult patients.