Performance evaluation of conventional and water saving taps
Performance evaluation of conventional and water saving taps
复制标题
传统水龙头和节水水龙头的性能评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.024
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Fidar A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fidar A
城市化的快速步伐带来了相当大的环境影响，包括对已经紧张的有限水资源的压力。在城市地区，大部分用水与建筑物的用水有关。水的第二大用途是通过水龙头。人们通常认为，低流量的水龙头有助于减少人均用水量。然而，这是基于很少的证据。本文综合了13，000个高分辨率观测数据，以调查创新（节水）电子水龙头和传统混合式水龙头的实际用水量。高分辨率流量计和数据记录器安装在一所高等教育机构的两栋不同建筑物的两个洗手间内，以记录通过面盆水龙头的用水情况。记录的数据提供了关于持续时间、使用频率和每次使用的用水量的信息。这些数据有助于确定热水和冷水使用的趋势，因此可以用于估计生产热水的能源和相关的温室气体排放。观察到的数据分析表明，低流量水龙头有更大的平均耗水量，每次事件比传统的水龙头和耗水量更受用户的行为，而不是技术。
The rapid pace of urbanisation comes with considerable environmental implications including pressures on already stressed limited water resources. In urban areas, most of the water use is associated with water consumption in buildings. The second largest use of water is via taps. It is often assumed that water taps withlow flowrates can contribute to reduced per capita water consumption. However, this is based on very little evidence. This paper presents the synthesis of a 13,000 high resolution observations made to investigate the actual water consumption of innovative (water saving) electronic taps and conventional mixer taps. High resolution flow-meters and data loggers were fitted into two washrooms in two different buildings of a higher education institution to record the water use through the basin taps. The recorded data provided information on duration, frequency of use and volume of water consumption per use. The data was helpful in identifying trends in hot and cold water use and therefore can be useful in estimating energy for producing hot water and associated greenhouse gas emissions. Analysis of the observed data suggests that the low flow taps have greater mean water consumption per event than the conventional taps and water consumption is more influenced by user behaviour rather than the technology.