Toll-like Receptor and RIG-1-like Receptor Signaling
Toll-like Receptor and RIG-1-like Receptor Signaling
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1443.020
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Akira, Shizuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kawai, Taro;Akira, Shizuo
Toll样受体(TLRs)和Rig-I样受体(RLRs)构成了不同的模式识别受体家族，它们可以感知来自病毒的核酸，并触发抗病毒的先天免疫反应。TLR3、TLR7和TLR9是定位于内体的膜蛋白，分别识别病毒双链RNA、单链RNA和DNA，而RLRs包括RIG-I、MDA5和LGP2，是识别病毒RNA的细胞质蛋白。在识别这些核酸物种后，TLRs和RLRs招募特定的细胞内适配器蛋白来启动信号通路，最终激活NF-kappa B、MAP激酶和IRF，这些基因控制编码I型干扰素和其他炎性细胞因子的基因的转录，这些基因对清除病毒至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了最近对TLR和RLR启动的信号通路及其在先天性和获得性免疫反应中的作用的研究。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) constitute distinct families of pattern-recognition receptors that sense nucleic acids derived from viruses and trigger antiviral innate immune responses. TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 are membrane proteins localized to the endosome that recognize viral double-stranded RNA, single-stranded RNA, and DNA, respectively, while RLRs, including RIG-I, Mda5, and LGP2, are cytoplasmic proteins that recognize viral RNA. Upon recognition of these nucleic acid species, TLRs and RLRs recruit specific intracellular adaptor proteins to initiate Signaling pathways culminating in activation of NF-kappa B, MAP kinases, and IRFs that control the transcription of genes encoding type I interferon and other inflammatory cytokines, which are important for eliminating viruses. Here, we review recent insights into the signaling pathways initiated by TLR and RLR and their roles in innate and adaptive immune responses.