Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease
Durable SARS-CoV-2 B cell immunity after mild or severe disease
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DOI：
10.1172/jci145516
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Bailey, Justin R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ogega, Clinton O.;Skinner, Nicole E.;Bailey, Justin R.
多项研究显示严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型丢失？特异性（SARS-CoV-2？特异性）抗体，引起了人们对针对病毒的体液免疫不持久的担忧。如果免疫力迅速减弱，数百万人在从2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）中康复后可能面临再次感染的风险。然而，记忆B细胞（MBC）可以提供持久的体液免疫，即使血清中和抗体滴度下降。我们进行了多维流式细胞术分析的S蛋白受体结合结构域？特异性（S-RBD？特定）MBC在患有轻度疾病的COVID-19的非卧床患者（n = 7）和患有中度至重度疾病的住院患者（n = 7）队列中，中位时间为54天（范围，39？104天）。我们检测到S-RBD了吗14名参与者中有13人的特定类别转换MBC，仅在血浆抗？S-RBD IgG和中和抗体。静息MBCs（RMBCs）占S-RBD的最大比例？两个队列中的特定MBC。FCRL 5是rMBCs功能记忆的标志物，在S-RBD？轻度感染后特异性rMBCs明显高于重度感染后。这些数据表明，大多数SARS-CoV-2感染的个人发展S-RBD？特定的，类转换的rmbc，类似于germinal中心？衍生的B细胞诱导的有效疫苗接种对其他病原体，持久的B细胞提供证据？在轻度或重度疾病后介导针对SARS-CoV-2的免疫。
Multiple studies have shown loss of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2?specific (SARS-CoV-2?specific) antibodies over time after infection, raising concern that humoral immunity against the virus is not durable. If immunity wanes quickly, millions of people may be at risk for reinfection after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, memory B cells (MBCs) could provide durable humoral immunity even if serum neutralizing antibody titers decline. We performed multidimensional flow cytometric analysis of S protein receptor binding domain?specific (S-RBD?specific) MBCs in cohorts of ambulatory patients with COVID-19 with mild disease (n = 7), and hospitalized patients with moderate to severe disease (n = 7), at a median of 54 days (range, 39?104 days) after symptom onset. We detected S-RBD?specific class-switched MBCs in 13 of 14 participants, failing only in the individual with the lowest plasma levels of anti?S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibodies. Resting MBCs (rMBCs) made up the largest proportion of S-RBD?specific MBCs in both cohorts. FCRL5, a marker of functional memory on rMBCs, was more dramatically upregulated on S-RBD?specific rMBCs after mild infection than after severe infection. These data indicate that most SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop S-RBD?specific, class-switched rMBCs that resemble germinal center?derived B cells induced by effective vaccination against other pathogens, providing evidence for durable B cell?mediated immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after mild or severe disease.