Attitude importance and the accumulation of attitude-relevant knowledge in memory
Attitude importance and the accumulation of attitude-relevant knowledge in memory
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.88.5.749
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Boninger, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holbrook, AL;Berent, MK;Boninger, DS
重视个人态度的人对态度对象特别了解。本文测试了对这种关系的解释：重要性通过激发选择性接触和选择性阐述相关信息而导致知识积累。九项研究表明，(a) 在观看总统候选人之间的电视辩论后，观众能够更好地记住他们对个人更重要的态度所发表的政策问题的声明； (b) 重要性促使选择性暴露和选择性阐述：个人重要性越高，对在受控实验室条件下遇到的相关信息有更好的记忆，而消除选择性暴露和选择性阐述机会的操作消除了重要性与记忆准确性的关系； (c)人们不会利用对自己知识量的感知来推断态度对他们有多重要，但重要性确实会导致知识积累。
People who attach personal importance to an attitude are especially knowledgeable about the attitude object. This article tests an explanation for this relation: that importance causes the accumulation of knowledge by inspiring selective exposure to and selective elaboration of relevant information. Nine studies showed that (a) after watching televised debates between presidential candidates, viewers were better able to remember the statements made on policy issues on which they had more personally important attitudes; (b) importance motivated selective exposure and selective elaboration: Greater personal importance was associated with better memory for relevant information encountered under controlled laboratory conditions, and manipulations eliminating opportunities for selective exposure and selective elaboration eliminated the importance-memory accuracy relation; and (c) people do not use perceptions of their knowledge volume to infer how important an attitude is to them, but importance does cause knowledge accumulation.