Long-Term Trend of the Tropical Pacific Trade Winds Under Global Warming and Its Causes
Long-Term Trend of the Tropical Pacific Trade Winds Under Global Warming and Its Causes
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全球变暖背景下热带太平洋信风的长期趋势及其成因
DOI：
10.1029/2018jc014603
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Wang, Zhenglin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yang;Chen, Quanliang;Wang, Zhenglin
最近热带太平洋上信风的增强是过去一百年来观察到的最强的。这种增强趋势在最近的研究中引起了极大的兴趣，但其原因仍不清楚。利用两组较长期的地面风资料，研究表明，赤道西太平洋海气贸易总体呈加强趋势，赤道东太平洋海气贸易总体呈减弱趋势。这种长期趋势模式主要可以归因于冷舌模式(CTM)，而不是厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)、厄尔尼诺-莫多基(El Nino Modoki)或年代际太平洋涛动(IPO)的影响。热带太平洋海表温度距平(SSTA)的第二种经验正交函数模式CTM代表了全球变暖下热带太平洋背景态的强长期趋势。根据Gill-Matsuno理论，赤道西太平洋的东风是由与热带气旋相关的赤道太平洋冷暖海温引起的，而赤道东太平洋的西风主要是由与气旋相关的赤道东太平洋冷却的海温引起的。最终，对贸易过去和未来变化的另一种解释预计将有助于更好地理解全球变暖下热带太平洋加强贸易对全球气候的影响。
The recent intensification of trade winds over the tropical Pacific is the strongest ever observed in the past hundred years. This strengthening trend is of great interest in recent research, but the causes are still unclear. Using two relatively long-term surface wind data sets, the present research shows that there is an overall strengthening trend of the trades in the western equatorial Pacific and an overall weakening trend in the eastern equatorial Pacific. This long-term trend pattern can be primarily attributed to the cold tongue mode (CTM) rather than to the impact of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), El Nino Modoki, or Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). The CTM, the second empirical orthogonal function mode of the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the tropical Pacific, represents a strong long-term trend of tropical Pacific background state under global warming. According to the Gill-Matsuno theory, the easterly winds over the western equatorial Pacific are induced by the equatorial Pacific cooling and warming SSTA associated with the CTM, while the westerly winds over the eastern equatorial Pacific is primarily due to the eastern equatorial Pacific cooling SSTA associated with the CTM. Ultimately, an alternative explanation of past and future changes of the trades is expected to lead to improved understanding of the global climatic impacts of the enhanced trades in tropical Pacific under global warming.