Neuropsychological technologies in rehabilitation
Neuropsychological technologies in rehabilitation
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DOI：
10.1097/00001199-200210000-00001
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Chute, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chute, DL
目的：为《头部创伤康复杂志》关于神经心理学技术的特刊中的文章提供介绍和概念背景。总结：神经心理学的许多临床评估正在从对病变的心理测量学搜索转变为对工作大脑的功能图像。行为探针越来越多地使用技术来提供更多的生态有效的刺激，以引起诊断相关的反应。干预战略包括扩大辅助设备和技术治疗的范围。微处理器和学科特定编程的出现，使康复实践的某些方面，纳入这些新的评估和干预策略。例如，神经心理学技术的发展已经导致了基于计算机的假肢和矫形器，与功能成像毫秒级精确链接的认知探针，虚拟现实管理的生态评估，认知再培训，辅助设备以及在线和“实时”数据库驱动的评估。新兴技术为个人、便携式、日常大脑成像和康复系统提供了潜力。很少有心理学家，理疗师或专职医疗人员接受过技术发展方面的正式培训。到目前为止，出现的是个人努力的集合，这些努力仍有待纳入康复专业更全面的工具。这里介绍的神经心理学技术的选择性历史是为了说明过去的困难，在这个子专业的出现，并指出新的应用和技术整合，可能证明是富有成效的。神经工程学、适应性评估、日常神经影像学、神经信息学和教育神经影像学的融合预示了神经心理学技术的未来发展。
Objective: To provide an introduction and a conceptual context for the articles presented in this special edition of the Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation on neuropsychological technologies. Summary: Many clinical assessments in neuropsychology are metamorphosing from a psychometric search for a lesion to a functional image of the working brain. Behavioral probes increasingly employ technology to provide more ecologically valid stimuli to elicit diagnostically relevant responses. Intervention strategies include an expanding range of assistive devices and technologically based treatments. The advent of the microprocessor and discipline specific programming have allowed certain aspects of rehabilitation practice to incorporate these new assessment and intervention strategies. For example, the development of neuropsychological technologies has already lead to computer based prosthetics and orthotics, cognitive probes with millisecond accurate links to functional imaging, virtual reality managed ecological assessments, cognitive retraining, assistive devices, and online, and "real-time" database-driven evaluations. Emerging technologies offer the potential for personal, portable, everyday brain imaging and rehabilitation systems. Few psychologists, physiatrists, or allied health professionals are formally trained in technological development. What has emerged thus far is a collection of individual efforts that remain to be integrated into more comprehensive tools for the rehabilitation professions. The selective history of neuropsychological technologies presented here is meant to illustrate past difficulties in the emergence of this sub-specialty and point to new applications and technological integration that may prove fruitful. The convergence of neuroengineering, adaptive assessments, everyday neuroimaging, neuroinformatics, and educational neuroimaging, presage such future developments in neuropsychological technologies.