Variation and plasticity of photosynthesis and respiration in local populations of fat‐hen Chenopodium album in northern Japan
Variation and plasticity of photosynthesis and respiration in local populations of fat‐hen Chenopodium album in northern Japan
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日本北部当地肥鸡藜种群光合作用和呼吸的变异和可塑性
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发表时间：
2009
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Hara
中科院分区：
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作者：
A. Haraguchi;Bo Li;S. Matsuki;O. Nagata;J. Suzuki;T. Hara
为了研究不同地区种群间光合作用和暗呼吸的可塑性和光合作用，在日本北部采集了7个种群，在遮荫和非遮荫条件下生长。不同种群的光饱和光合作用速率(Pmax)在叶面积和质量基础上均存在显著差异，光照条件影响每叶面积的Pmax，但对每叶质量的Pmax没有影响。不同种群的单位叶面积暗呼吸速率(RD)和单位叶质量暗呼吸速率(RD)差异不显著，光照条件影响单位叶面积呼吸速率，但对单位叶质量呼吸速率没有影响。比叶面积(SLA)在群体间差异显着，遮荫条件下SLA显着增加。所有这些性状都没有表现出沿纬度梯度的倾斜性变化，部分原因是采集种群的气候跨度相对较小(13.9-18.9°C)。Pmax、Sla和α(光合作用速率关系曲线零照度处的初始斜率)表现出较大的遗传变异，而Rd的遗传变异较小。Pmax和Rd在叶面积上表现出较高的可塑性，但在叶质量上表现出较低的可塑性，因为Sla和α具有较高的可塑性。研究发现，在较小的地理范围内，白蜡梅种群间存在较大的遗传变异，这就控制了白蜡梅生长期光合作用特性反应标准的可塑性。反应规范的更多变化将使相思种群能够在不可预测的栖息地定居。长期适应栖息地条件后的遗传变异以及短期驯化不可预测的环境中的可塑性，可以使相思在广泛的气候范围内成功地分布。
To examine variation and plasticity of photosynthesis and dark respiration among regional populations, seven populations of Chenopodium album L. (a shade-avoider species) were collected in northern Japan and grown under shaded and unshaded conditions. The light-saturated photosynthetic rates (Pmax) on both a leaf area and a mass basis significantly differed among the populations; the light regime affected Pmax per leaf area, but had no effect on Pmax per leaf mass. There were no significant differences among the populations in dark respiration rates (Rd) either per leaf area or mass; the light regime affected Rd per leaf area, but had no effect on Rd per leaf mass. Specific leaf area (SLA) exhibited significant differences among populations and SLA significantly increased under shaded conditions. None of these traits showed clinal variation along a latitudinal gradient, partially because the climatic span across which the populations were collected was relatively small (13.9–18.9°C). Pmax, SLA and α (initial slope at zero irradiance of the light-photosynthetic rate relationship curve) showed great genetic variation, whereas Rd showed little genetic variation. Pmax and Rd showed high plasticity on a leaf area basis, but not on a leaf mass basis as SLA and α had high plasticity. We found that there is great genetic variation between local populations of C. album within a small geographical range, which controlled plasticity of the reaction norm of the photosynthetic property for the light regime during the growth period. More variation in reaction norms would enable C. album populations to colonize unpredictable habitats. Genetic variation after long-term adaptation to habitat conditions as well as plasticity during short-term acclimation to an unpredictable environment could enable C. album to distribute itself successfully over a wide range of climates.