Alcohol risk-reduction skills training in a national fraternity: A randomized intervention trial with longitudinal intent-to-treat analysis
Alcohol risk-reduction skills training in a national fraternity: A randomized intervention trial with longitudinal intent-to-treat analysis
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2007.68.399
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Campbell, Bernadette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Caudill, Barry D.;Luckey, Bill;Campbell, Bernadette
目的：通过一项对全国大学联谊会 3,406 名成员进行的前瞻性随机干预试验，评估两组社会技能培训干预措施对于减少高风险饮酒行为的潜在有效性。方法：全国兄弟会的 99 个分会中的 98 个分会被随机分配到三个层次，接受 (1) 3 小时基线干预，(2) 相同的基线干预加两次加强课程，或 (3) 仅评估。本文强调严格的意向治疗分析模型，该模型比较分配接受研究干预措施的成员（与仅评估站点）的结果，无论他们是否确实接受了干预措施；它还包括干预地点的个人，即使他们没有参与。这个模型使我们能够解决一个社会政策问题，即引入这种干预措施可能对改变兄弟会本身的高风险非本地饮酒环境产生的影响。结果：经常酗酒者（占会员的 64.2%）被分配到任一干预组，在 6 个月的随访中显示，他们的饮酒频率、大量饮酒和饮酒中毒的频率显着降低；此外，他们报告总体饮酒量较少。在基线后 12 个月和 18 个月时，这些积极结果已基本消失。此外，基线后 18 个月，低风险成员的饮酒量有所增加，这可能是除差异性流失之外的其他因素的结果。结论：研究结果表明，引入如此简短的干预措施可以在短期内有效减少全国兄弟会高风险成员的危险饮酒行为。未来的研究可能希望重点关注更长时间地维持积极成果的策略，而且一般来说，更多地了解变革机制将受益匪浅。
Objective: The potential effectiveness of two group-administered social-skills training interventions for reducing high-risk drinking behavior was evaluated through a prospective randomized intervention trial with 3,406 members of a national college fraternity. Method: Ninety eight of 99 chapters of a national fraternity were randomly assigned, within three strata, to receive (1) a 3-hour baseline intervention, (2) the same baseline intervention plus two booster sessions, or (3) assessments only. The current article emphasizes a rigorous intent-to-treat analysis model that compares outcomes among members assigned to receive study interventions (vs assessment-only sites) regardless of whether they actually did receive them; it also includes individuals at intervention sites even if they did not participate. This model allows us to address a social policy issue regarding the effect that introducing such an intervention may have in changing the high-risk non-native drinking environment of the fraternity itself. Results: Frequent heavy drinkers (64.2% of members) assigned to either intervention showed significant reductions at a 6-month follow-up in their frequency of drinking, heavy drinking, and drinking to intoxication; plus, they reported consuming fewer drinks overall. At 12 and 18 months postbaseline, these positive outcomes had largely dissipated. Additionally, there was an increase in drinking among lower-risk members 18 months postbaseline, which may be the result of factors other than differential attrition. Conclusions: Findings suggest that introducing such a brief intervention can effectively reduce risky drinking behavior on a short-term basis in high-risk members of a national fraternity. Future studies may wish to focus on strategies for sustaining positive outcomes for longer, plus would benefit, in general, from learning more about mechanisms of change.