Sweetened ethanol drinking during social isolation: enhanced intake, resistance to genetic heterogeneity and the emergence of a distinctive drinking pattern in adolescent mice.
Sweetened ethanol drinking during social isolation: enhanced intake, resistance to genetic heterogeneity and the emergence of a distinctive drinking pattern in adolescent mice.
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DOI：
10.1111/gbb.12346
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ryabinin AE
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文献类型：
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作者：
Panksepp JB;Rodriguez ED;Ryabinin AE
由于在青春期很容易获得，甜乙醇（“alcopops”）在许多情况下都会被消费。我们在这里询问基于遗传的社会动机差异是否与青少年社会环境如何影响自愿乙醇摄入量有关。先前描述的社交能力差异的小鼠（BALB/cJ、C57BL/6J、FVB/NJ 和 MSM/MsJ 品系）被断奶后隔离或同性配对（出生后第 21 天），然后在出生后第 34-45 天连续摄入两种液体：一种含有水，另一种含有一系列递增的糖精加甜乙醇（3% 到 6% 到 10%）。在引入乙醇之前（出生后 30-33 天），在一些隔离饲养组中检测到水和食物摄入量增加，对照组表明隔离小鼠也消耗了更多的“仅糖精”溶液。在产后 46-49 天的隔离组中，自愿饮用“仅乙醇”的比例也较高。然而，无论基因型如何，所有分离的菌株与性别组合中的甜乙醇摄入量均增加。令人惊讶的是，进入黑暗阶段 4 小时后，这些隔离组和社会饲养组之间的血液乙醇浓度没有差异。使用基于舔液计的 FVB 小鼠摄入量测量，我们发现隔离期间饮酒增加的主要原因发生在典型的昼夜节律消耗峰值之外，发生在黑暗阶段约 8.5 小时，并且血液中乙醇浓度存在相关差异。这些发现共同表明，隔离饲养会导致青春期小鼠奖励性物质的消耗增加，而与基因型无关，而对于乙醇来说，这可能是由于个体在昼夜节律周期中饮酒所致。
With its ease of availability during adolescence, sweetened ethanol (‘alcopops’) is consumed within many contexts. We asked here whether genetically based differences in social motivation are associated with how the adolescent social environment impacts voluntary ethanol intake. Mice with previously described differences in sociability (BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J, FVB/NJ and MSM/MsJ strains) were weaned into isolation or same-sex pairs (postnatal day 21), and then given continuous access to two fluids on postnatal days 34–45: One containing water and the other containing a ascending series of saccharin-sweetened ethanol (3-to-6-to-10%). Prior to the introduction of ethanol (postnatal days 30–33), increased water and food intake was detected in some of the isolation-reared groups, and controls indicated that isolated mice also consumed more ‘saccharin-only’ solution. Voluntary drinking of ‘ethanol-only’ was also higher in a subset of the isolated groups on postnatal days 46–49. However, sweetened ethanol intake was increased in all isolated strain-by-sex combinations irrespective of genotype. Surprisingly, blood ethanol concentration was not different between these isolate and socially housed groups 4 hours into the dark phase. Using lickometer-based measures of intake in FVB mice, we identified that a predominance of increased drinking during isolation transpired outside of the typical circadian consumption peak, occurring ≈8.5 hours into the dark phase, with an associated difference in blood ethanol concentration. These findings collectively indicate that isolate housing leads to increased consumption of rewarding substances in adolescent mice independently of their genotype, and that for ethanol this may be due to when individuals drink during the circadian cycle.