Why inclusive fitness can make it adaptive to produce less fit extra-pair offspring
Why inclusive fitness can make it adaptive to produce less fit extra-pair offspring
复制标题
为什么包容性适应性可以使其适应产生适应性较差的额外配对后代
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Kokko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jussi Lehtonen;H. Kokko
社会一夫一妻制在鸟类繁殖系统中占主导地位，但大多数社会一夫一妻制的物种从事混杂的额外配对交配（EPC）。这背后的原因仍然存在争议，最近的实证研究发现了似乎不符合现有假设的模式。特别是，一些结果似乎与近亲繁殖回避假说相矛盾：女性可以更喜欢额外的对合作伙伴，更密切地与他们比他们的社会合作伙伴，和额外的对年轻的健身比内对年轻。出于这些研究的动机，我们表明，这样的结果可以成为解释时，一夫一妻制和一夫多妻制之间的近亲繁殖的宽容的不对称性扩展到物种，联合收割机这两种策略在一个单一的生殖季节。在相当一般的条件下，雌性选择一个不相关的社会伙伴，但与一个额外的配对伙伴近亲繁殖是适应性的。近亲繁殖衰退是由包容性健身效益，这是只有在EPC完全实现补偿。我们还表明，如果一个女性已经形成了一个次优的社会关系，有情况下，它是有益的，从事EPC与较少相关的男性，和其他人的EPC与更多相关的男性增加她的包容性健身。这对检测一般相关性或健身趋势时，平均几个物种的影响。
Social monogamy predominates in avian breeding systems, but most socially monogamous species engage in promiscuous extra-pair copulations (EPCs). The reasons behind this remain debated, and recent empirical work has uncovered patterns that do not seem to fit existing hypotheses. In particular, some results seem to contradict the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis: females can prefer extra-pair partners that are more closely related to them than their social partners, and extra-pair young can have lower fitness than within-pair young. Motivated by these studies, we show that such results can become explicable when an asymmetry in inbreeding tolerance between monogamy and polygamy is extended to species that combine both strategies within a single reproductive season. Under fairly general conditions, it can be adaptive for a female to choose an unrelated social partner, but inbreed with an extra-pair partner. Inbreeding depression is compensated for by inclusive fitness benefits, which are only fully realized in EPCs. We also show that if a female has already formed a suboptimal social bond, there are scenarios where it is beneficial to engage in EPCs with less related males, and others where EPCs with more related males increase her inclusive fitness. This has implications for detecting general relatedness or fitness trends when averaged over several species.