A Petri net model-based resilience analysis of nuclear power plants under the threat of natural hazards
A Petri net model-based resilience analysis of nuclear power plants under the threat of natural hazards
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ress.2022.108979
复制
发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Yan;S. Dunnett;J. Andrews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Yan;S. Dunnett;J. Andrews
由于全球气候变化，核电站越来越多地面临极端自然灾害的威胁。本文采用恢复力工程学的方法来处理核安全的方方面面，从设计、运行和维护到事故响应和恢复，在高影响小概率事件的情况下。建立了用于模拟极端事件造成的损失、相关系统的健康状态、缓解过程以及恢复和维护过程的Petri网模型。所开发的方法被应用于评估在三种可能的外部事件威胁下的单单元加压重水反应堆的恢复能力。考虑了可能的冷却剂损失事故和由事件引起的站内停电事故。借助于所建立的模型，可以定量地评估随机劣化和外部事件对反应堆恢复能力的影响。仿真结果表明，该方法能较全面地描述核电站对各种破坏性事件的恢复能力。研究还发现，不直接影响核反应堆运行的随机劣化对反应堆的弹性是至关重要的。
Due to global climate change, nuclear power plants are increasingly exposed to the threats of extreme natural disasters. In this paper, a resilience engineering approach is applied to tackle all aspects of nuclear safety, spanning from design, operation, and maintenance to accident response and recovery, in the case of high-impact low-probability events. Petri net models are developed to simulate the losses caused by extreme events, the health states of relevant systems, mitigation processes, and the recovery and maintenance processes. The method developed is applied to assess the resilience of a single-unit pressurised heavy water reactor under the threat of three possible external events. Possible loss of coolant accidents and station blackout accidents caused by the events are considered. With the aid of the models developed, both the influence of stochastic deterioration and the impact of external events on the resilience of the reactor can be assessed quantitatively. The simulation results show that the method can comprehensively describe the resilience of nuclear power plants against various disruptive events. It is also found that the stochastic deterioration that does not directly affect the operation of nuclear reactors is critical to the resilience of reactors.