Comparative assessment of wet and dry garment cleaning Part 1. Environmental and human health assessment
Comparative assessment of wet and dry garment cleaning Part 1. Environmental and human health assessment
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湿法和干法服装清洁的比较评估第 1 部分：环境和人体健康评估
DOI：
10.1016/s0959-6526(97)00046-2
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
R. Polk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Keoleian;Catherine E. Blackler;R. Denbow;R. Polk
特种服装的水基清洗正在成为干洗的潜在替代品。四氯乙烯，溶剂中使用的干洗，造成重大的人类和生态系统的健康问题。本文是两部分系列的第一部分，分析了影响服装清洁行业未来的关键环境，人类健康，性能，经济和监管因素。本文件列出了现代干洗机中消耗的四氯乙烯所产生的环境释放物和废物，其范围为每100公斤衣物清洗2.0至5.2公斤。此外，水，电，和其他投入的四氯乙烯为基础的和水为基础的服装清洗进行了比较，从以前的示范项目的数据。毒理学和流行病学研究为四氯乙烯的致癌性提供了证据，尽管这种分类存在争议。与现代干洗设备和良好的内务管理做法有关的低水平接触的癌症风险是未知的，需要进一步调查。尽管存在这些不确定性，但从人类和环境健康的角度来看，水基清洗优于干洗。
Water-based cleaning of specialty garments is emerging as a potential alternative to dry cleaning. Perchloroethylene, the solvent used in dry cleaning, poses significant human and ecosystem health concerns. This paper is part 1 of a two part series that analyzes the key environmental, human health, performance, economic, and regulatory factors which influence the future of the garment cleaning industry. This paper inventories the environmental releases and wastes associated with the consumption of perchloroethylene in modern dry cleaning machines which ranges from 2.0 to 5.2 kg per 100 kg of clothing cleaned. In addition, water, electricity, and other inputs for both perchloroethylene-based and water-based garment cleaning are compared using data from previous demonstration projects. Toxicological and epidemiological studies provide evidence for the carcinogenicity of perchloroethylene although this classification is controversial. Cancer risks at low levels of exposure associated with modern dry cleaning equipment and good housekeeping practices are unknown and require further investigation. Regardless of these uncertainties, water-based cleaning is preferable to dry cleaning from a human and environmental health perspective.