The Building Envelope: Fire Spread, Construction Features and Loss Examples
The Building Envelope: Fire Spread, Construction Features and Loss Examples
复制标题
建筑围护结构：火灾蔓延、建筑特征和损失示例
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_86
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
D. J. O'connor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. J. O'connor
建筑物外部火灾蔓延以三种基本方式发生。一种场景考虑火势从一栋建筑物蔓延到由墙壁或障碍物隔开的相邻建筑物。在这种情况下，当火灾暴露于墙壁或屏障和任何受保护的开口具有足够的持续时间和强度以破坏防火墙/屏障或任何受保护的开口的完整性时，就会发生火灾蔓延。此外，屋顶上方或防火屏障/墙壁边缘周围的火焰延伸（通常因风而加剧）可能会导致火灾通过辐射、直接火焰接触或可能燃烧的痕迹蔓延到邻近的建筑物。墙壁的构造、物理特征以及用于创建建筑物的天气外壳的各种材料和组件将影响热量和火焰在建筑物之间或沿着建筑物的外立面传递的方式。本章讨论了所有这些因素，并回顾了几起著名的外部建筑火灾蔓延事件。
Exterior building fire spread occurs in three basic ways. One scenario considers fire spread from one building to an adjoining building separated by a wall or barrier. In this case the fire spread occurs when fire exposure to the wall or barrier and any protected openings has sufficient duration and intensity to negate the integrity of the fire wall/barrier or any protected openings. Additionally, flame extension (often exacerbated by wind) above the roof or around the edges the fire barrier/wall can cause the fire to spread to the adjoining building by radiation, direct flame contact or possibly burning brands. The construction of walls, physical features and the various materials and components that are used to create the weather enclosure for a building will impact how heat and flame may be transferred between buildings or along the exterior faOade of a building. This Chapter discusses all these factors and reviews several well-known incidents of exterior building fire spread.