Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, and Secondary Trauma in Nurses Recognizing the Occupational Phenomenon and Personal Consequences of Caregiving
Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, and Secondary Trauma in Nurses Recognizing the Occupational Phenomenon and Personal Consequences of Caregiving
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/cnq.0000000000000293
复制
发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Kelly, Lesly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelly, Lesly
倦怠和同情疲劳描述了卫生保健专业人员在事件发生后的长期压力、情绪状态和长期胁迫状态。在过去的几十年里，倦怠和同情疲劳受到了越来越多的关注和关注。本文总结了从将职业倦怠视为个人问题到将其理解为职业现象的演变过程，并认识到继发性创伤对同情疲劳的重要作用。因此，职业倦怠的原因和解决方法是多方面的和复杂的。职业倦怠的原因源于照顾病人的外部压力以及组织政策和实践的压力，包括不健康的工作环境、沟通不畅、污名化等等。职业倦怠和继发性创伤对医疗保健专业人员的伤害可能是深远的，影响到很大一部分劳动力，并表现为真正的痛苦，包括抑郁、情感创伤和自杀。由于卫生保健专业人员每天都处于危险之中，因此需要识别、处理和治疗倦怠是一个优先事项。必须利用临床医生有效减轻压力的个人恢复力建设活动和解决根本原因的系统级解决方案来解决倦怠问题。
Burnout and compassion fatigue describe the state of health care professionals' extended stress, emotional states, and prolonged duress after events. In the past few decades, burnout and compassion fatigue have received increased focus and attention. This article summarizes the evolution in moving from viewing burnout as an individual's problem to understanding burnout as an occupational phenomenon, additionally recognizing the powerful role secondary trauma contributes to compassion fatigue. As such, the causes and addressing the solutions of burnout are multifaceted and complex. Causes of burnout stem from external pressure of caring for patients and pressure from organizational policy and practices, including unhealthy work environments, poor communication, stigma, and more. The harm from burnout and secondary trauma in health care professionals can be profound, impacting a significant portion of the workforce and manifesting in real suffering, including depression, emotional trauma, and suicide. As health care professionals are daily at risk, the need to recognize, address, and treat burnout is a priority. Both personal resilience building activities for effective stress reduction in clinicians and system-level solutions to address root causes must be utilized to address burnout.