Factors Affecting Hurricane Evacuation Intentions
Factors Affecting Hurricane Evacuation Intentions
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DOI：
10.1111/risa.12407
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Lazrus, Heather
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lazo, Jeffrey K.;Bostrom, Ann;Lazrus, Heather
针对飓风威胁采取的保护行动取决于环境和信息背景;个人和家庭特征，包括文化世界观、过去的飓风经历和风险认知;以及采取行动的动机和障碍。利用迈阿密-戴德和休斯顿-加尔维斯顿地区的调查数据，我们在两种信息条件下回归了个人对这些因素的疏散意图：（1）看到飓风将袭击自己所在地区的预报，（2）收到疏散命令。在这两种信息条件下，有一个疏散计划，希望保持一个人的家人的安全，并查看一个人的家容易受到风的破坏预测增加疏散的意图。疏散意图的一些预测因素不同的位置，例如，佛罗里达受访者更平等主义的世界观更有可能在两种信息条件下撤离，和佛罗里达受访者更个人主义的世界观不太可能疏散下的疏散令，但世界观与德克萨斯州的受访者疏散意图没有显着相关。信息条件的差异也出现了，包括：（1）随着年龄的疏散命令条件下，疏散意愿下降，但随着年龄的增长，在锯预测条件下，和（2）在疏散命令条件下的疏散意愿增加的那些谁依赖于公共来源的飓风威胁的信息，而在锯预测条件下的疏散意愿增加的那些谁依赖于个人来源。结果加强了飓风信息工作的价值集中在疏散计划和居民的脆弱性，并建议未来的研究如何飓风环境塑造决策的途径。
Protective actions for hurricane threats are a function of the environmental and information context; individual and household characteristics, including cultural worldviews, past hurricane experiences, and risk perceptions; and motivations and barriers to actions. Using survey data from the Miami-Dade and Houston-Galveston areas, we regress individuals' stated evacuation intentions on these factors in two information conditions: (1) seeing a forecast that a hurricane will hit one's area, and (2) receiving an evacuation order. In both information conditions having an evacuation plan, wanting to keep one's family safe, and viewing one's home as vulnerable to wind damage predict increased evacuation intentions. Some predictors of evacuation intentions differ between locations; for example, Florida respondents with more egalitarian worldviews are more likely to evacuate under both information conditions, and Florida respondents with more individualist worldviews are less likely to evacuate under an evacuation order, but worldview was not significantly associated with evacuation intention for Texas respondents. Differences by information condition also emerge, including: (1) evacuation intentions decrease with age in the evacuation order condition but increase with age in the saw forecast condition, and (2) evacuation intention in the evacuation order condition increases among those who rely on public sources of information on hurricane threats, whereas in the saw forecast condition evacuation intention increases among those who rely on personal sources. Results reinforce the value of focusing hurricane information efforts on evacuation plans and residential vulnerability and suggest avenues for future research on how hurricane contexts shape decision making.