Individual activity rates in wintering Eurasian woodcocks: starvation versus predation risk trade-off?
Individual activity rates in wintering Eurasian woodcocks: starvation versus predation risk trade-off?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.04.009
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ferrand, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duriez, O;Fritz, H;Ferrand, Y
越冬鸟类面临饥饿和捕食风险之间的权衡。在欧亚山鸡，Scolopax rusticola，栖息地的使用可能反映了这种权衡，因为草地，大多数鸟类过夜，其特点是捕食的风险更高，食物（蚯蚓）的生物量更高，比白天使用的树林。我们监测了34只装有倾斜开关无线电标签的山鸡的活动。幼鸟比成年鸟更活跃，可能是因为它们觅食效率较低。在一般情况下，夜间活动呈负相关，与空气温度和白天觅食活动，这表明一些补偿机制，调节温度的限制。个体活动模式不同，我们根据三种主要的越冬策略对山鸡进行分类：“总是”，“有时”或“从不”在夜间访问田野。夜间飞往田野的决定似乎是每天晚上根据白天在树林里觅食活动的数量和空气温度做出的。风和日丽的日子里，山鹬在一片丰富的食物中进食后，不必冒险去草地。相反，在食物资源较少或温度较低或两者兼而有之的斑块中，如果不在夜间（那里总是有足够的食物）并最终改变它们的日间地点，山鸡就无法满足它们所有的能量需求。因此，觅食和捕食风险之间的权衡取决于鸟类如何有效地在森林中找到丰富的食物，并在白天最佳地利用它。(C)2004年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Wintering birds face a trade-off between starvation and predation risk. In Eurasian woodcocks, Scolopax rusticola, habitat use may reflect this trade-off because meadows, where most birds spend the night, are characterized by a higher risk of predation and a higher biomass of food (earthworms) than the woods, used by day. We monitored activity of 34 woodcocks fitted with tiltswitch radiotags Young birds were more active than adults, probably because they were less efficient at foraging. In general, nocturnal activity was inversely correlated with air temperature and with daylight foraging activity, suggesting some compensatory mechanism, modulated by thermoregulatory constraints. Individual activity patterns differed, and we classified woodcocks according to three main wintering strategies: 'always', 'sometimes' or 'never' visiting fields at night. The decision to fly to fields at night seemed to be taken every evening according to the amount of daylight foraging activity in woods and the air temperature. After feeding in a rich patch of food on a mild day, woodcocks did not have to risk going to meadows. Conversely, in patches of fewer food resources or at lower temperatures or both, woodcocks could not meet all their energy requirements without going to fields at night (where there was always sufficient food) and eventually, changing their diurnal sites. Therefore, the trade-off between feeding and predation risk depends on how efficiently birds find a rich patch of food in the forest and exploit it optimally during the day. (C) 2004 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.