A Multi-level Longitudinal Model of Risk Factors for Generalized and Separation Anxiety Symptoms in a Community Sample of 6-year-olds.
A Multi-level Longitudinal Model of Risk Factors for Generalized and Separation Anxiety Symptoms in a Community Sample of 6-year-olds.
复制标题
6 岁社区样本中普遍焦虑和分离焦虑症状风险因素的多层次纵向模型。
DOI：
10.1007/s10578-021-01132-7
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Bryant,FredB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gouze,KarenR;Hopkins,Joyce;Lavigne,JohnV;Bryant,FredB
当前的纵向研究考察了四个领域变量之间的关系——环境（社会地位、家庭冲突、压力）、父母（看护抑郁）、父母（支持敌意、自主授予）和儿童（负面影响、努力控制、感觉调节、依恋）——以及社区796名儿童6岁时广发性和分离性焦虑症状的存在，以及这些焦虑症状从4岁到6岁的变化。随着时间的推移，焦虑是高度稳定的。具体结果揭示了4 - 5岁变量和6岁焦虑之间的直接和间接联系。照料者抑郁和依恋、努力控制、消极情绪、感觉调节等儿童变量与6岁焦虑症状有直接关系。4岁时的情境变量（SES）通过父母5岁时的抑郁与6岁时的焦虑间接相关。父母抑郁通过5岁儿童消极情绪与6岁儿童焦虑间接相关。4岁时的儿童消极情绪通过5岁时的努力控制间接与6岁时的焦虑相关4岁时的努力控制间接与6岁时的焦虑相关通过5岁时的消极情绪。除了依恋，当模型中包含了焦虑症状的初始水平时，其他变量的影响有所降低。讨论了研究结果对早期干预和进一步研究的意义。
The current longitudinal study examined the relations between variables in four domains—contextual (SES, family conflict, stress), parent (caretaker depression), parenting (support hostility, autonomy granting), and child (negative affect, effortful control, sensory regulation, attachment)—and both thepresenceof generalized and separation anxiety symptoms at age 6 in a community sample of 796 children and thechangein these anxiety symptoms from ages 4 to 6. Anxiety was highly stable over time. Specific results revealed both direct and indirect pathways between age 4 and age 5 variables, and age 6 anxiety. Caretaker depression and the child variables of attachment, effortful control, negative affect, and sensory regulation were directly related to anxiety symptoms at age 6. Contextual variables (SES) at age 4 were indirectly related to age 6 anxiety through parent depression at age 5. Parent depression was indirectly related to age 6 anxiety through age 5 child negative affect. Child negative affect at age 4 was indirectly related to age 6 anxiety through age 5 effortful control and age 4 effortful control was indirectly related to age 6 anxiety through age 5 negative affect. With the exception of attachment, there was a reduction in the impact of other variables when initial levels of anxiety symptoms were included in the model. Implications of results for early intervention and further study are discussed.